Selected Reading
lshw command in Linux with Examples
Name
lshw - list hardware
Synopsis
lshw [ -version ] lshw [ -help ] lshw [ -X ] lshw [ [ -html ] [ -short ] [ -xml ] [ -json ] [ -businfo ] ] [ -dump filename ] [ -class class... ] [ -disable test... ] [ -enable test... ] [ -sanitize ] [ -numeric ] [ -quiet ]
Description
lshw is a small tool to extract detailed information on the hardware configuration of the machine. It can report exact memory configuration, firmware version, mainboard configuration, CPU version and speed, cache configuration, bus speed, etc. on DMI-capable x86 or IA-64 systems and on some PowerPC machines (PowerMac G4 is known to work). It does so by reading different files in the /proc directory.
It currently supports standard hardware interfaces like DMI (x86 and IA-64 only), OpenFirmware device tree (PowerPC only), PCI/AGP, CPUID (x86), IDE/ATA/ATAPI, PCMCIA (only tested on x86), SCSI and USB.
Options
The options for lshw commands are:
-version Displays the version of lshw and exits. -help Displays the available command line options and quits. -X Launch the X11 GUI (if available). -html Outputs the device tree as an HTML page. -xml Outputs the device tree as an XML tree. -json Outputs the device tree as a JSON object (JavaScript Object Notation). -short Outputs the device tree showing hardware paths, very much like the output of HP-UX's ioscan. -businfo Outputs the device list showing bus information, detailing SCSI, USB, IDE and PCI addresses. -dump filename Dump collected information into a file (SQLite database). -class class Only show the given class of hardware. class can be found using lshw -short or lshw -businfo. -C class Alias for -class class. -enable test -disable test Enables or disables a test. test can be dmi (for DMI/SMBIOS extensions), device tree (for OpenFirmware device tree), spd (for memory Serial Presence Detect), memory (for memory-size guessing heuristics), cpuinfo (for kernel-reported CPU detection), cpuid (for CPU detection), pci (for PCI/AGP access), isapnp (for ISA PnP extensions), pcmcia (for PCMCIA/PCCARD), ide (for IDE/ATAPI), usb (for USB devices),scsi (for SCSI) or network (for network interfaces detection). -quiet Don't display status. -sanitize Remove potentially sensitive information from output (IP addresses, serial numbers, etc.). -numeric Also display numeric IDs (for PCI and USB devices).
Examples
1. Without any option lshw command would generate a detailed information report about all detected hardware. It would generate a big output with quite a lot of technical details. lshw command assorts hardware components into groups called "class". Processor, memory, display, network, storage are all different classes.
The lshw command should be run with super privileges to be able to detect and report the maximum amount of information. So run as root, or use sudo.
$ sudo lshw
erpnext
description: Desktop Computer
product: (To be filled by O.E.M.)
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32
configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop family=To be filled by O.E.M. sku=To be filled by O.E.M. uuid=04C9C13F-C899-11E2-9FFF-6431503407E9
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: DH61WW
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
version: AAG23116-303
serial: BTWW322008V5
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 0
version: BEH6110H.86A.0109.2012.1221.1455
date: 12/21/2012
size: 64KiB
capacity: 4032KiB
...
We can see, it is a long list of information.
2. We can use -short option along with lshw command to list all hardware components/configuration in a compact format.
$ lshw -short
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
H/W path Device Class Description
========================================================
system Computer
/0 bus Motherboard
/0/0 memory 7814MiB System memory
/0/1 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-3220 CPU @ 3.30GHz
/0/100 bridge Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller
/0/100/2 display Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Contro
/0/100/16 communication 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
/0/100/19 enp0s25 network 82579V Gigabit Network Connection
/0/100/1a bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host
/0/100/1b multimedia 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Au
/0/100/1c bridge 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root P
/0/100/1c/0 bridge IT8892E PCIe to PCI Bridge
/0/100/1d bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host
/0/100/1f bridge H61 Express Chipset LPC Controller
/0/100/1f.2 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA Contr
/0/100/1f.3 bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller
/0/100/1f.5 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA Contr
/1 wlx503eaa7c4c9b network Wireless interface
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
3. We can see, the command gives a warning. So when we run lshw command as root user, the output changes. It is now showing information about volumes also.
$ sudo lshw -short|nl 1 H/W path Device Class Description 2 ============================================================ 3 system (To be filled by O.E.M.) 4 /0 bus DH61WW 5 /0/0 memory 64KiB BIOS 6 /0/4 memory 128KiB L1 cache 7 /0/5 memory 512KiB L2 cache 8 /0/6 memory 3MiB L3 cache 9 /0/7 memory 8GiB System Memory 10 /0/7/0 memory 4GiB DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) 11 /0/7/1 memory 4GiB DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) 12 /0/2a processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-3220 CPU @ 3.30GHz 13 /0/100 bridge Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller 14 /0/100/2 display Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller 15 /0/100/16 communication 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 16 /0/100/19 enp0s25 network 82579V Gigabit Network Connection 17 /0/100/1a bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 18 /0/100/1a/1 usb1 bus EHCI Host Controller 19 /0/100/1a/1/1 bus Integrated Rate Matching Hub 20 /0/100/1a/1/1/1 input USB Optical Mouse 21 /0/100/1a/1/1/3 input USB KVM 22 /0/100/1a/1/1/4 input Dell KB216 Wired Keyboard 23 /0/100/1b multimedia 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller 24 /0/100/1c bridge 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 25 /0/100/1c/0 bridge IT8892E PCIe to PCI Bridge 26 /0/100/1d bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 27 /0/100/1d/1 usb2 bus EHCI Host Controller 28 /0/100/1d/1/1 bus Integrated Rate Matching Hub 29 /0/100/1d/1/1/6 generic 802.11n NIC 30 /0/100/1f bridge H61 Express Chipset LPC Controller 31 /0/100/1f.2 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA Controller (IDE mode, ports 0-3) 32 /0/100/1f.3 bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller 33 /0/100/1f.5 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA Controller (IDE mode, ports 4-5) 34 /0/1 scsi1 storage 35 /0/1/0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 500GB WDC WD5000AAKX-0 36 /0/1/0.0.0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 14GiB Linux swap volume 37 /0/1/0.0.0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 74GiB EXT4 volume 38 /0/1/0.0.0/3 /dev/sda3 volume 232GiB EXT4 volume 39 /0/1/0.0.0/4 /dev/sda4 volume 143GiB Extended partition 40 /0/1/0.0.0/4/5 /dev/sda5 volume 143GiB Linux filesystem partition 41 /1 wlx503eaa7c4c9b network Wireless interface
In the above example, we have used a linux command nl to filter the results, so that output lines are numbered. We can see there is only one physical disk connected with the system (Line 37). Similarly, we can see there are 8GB RAM in the system, 4GB each in two memory slots (Line 9-11).
4. We can use -businfo option to output the device list showing bus information, detailing SCSI, USB, IDE and PCI addresses.
$ sudo lshw -businfo
Bus info Device Class Description
=============================================================
system (To be filled by O.E.M.)
bus DH61WW
memory 64KiB BIOS
memory 128KiB L1 cache
memory 512KiB L2 cache
memory 3MiB L3 cache
memory 8GiB System Memory
memory 4GiB DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
memory 4GiB DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
cpu@0 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-3220 CPU @ 3.30GHz
pci@0000:00:00.0 bridge Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Contr
pci@0000:00:02.0 display Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics C
pci@0000:00:16.0 communication 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controlle
pci@0000:00:19.0 enp0s25 network 82579V Gigabit Network Connection
pci@0000:00:1a.0 bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced
usb@1 usb1 bus EHCI Host Controller
usb@1:1 bus Integrated Rate Matching Hub
usb@1:1.1 input USB Optical Mouse
usb@1:1.3 input USB KVM
usb@1:1.4 input Dell KB216 Wired Keyboard
pci@0000:00:1b.0 multimedia 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definiti
pci@0000:00:1c.0 bridge 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express R
pci@0000:01:00.0 bridge IT8892E PCIe to PCI Bridge
pci@0000:00:1d.0 bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced
usb@2 usb2 bus EHCI Host Controller
usb@2:1 bus Integrated Rate Matching Hub
usb@2:1.6 generic 802.11n NIC
pci@0000:00:1f.0 bridge H61 Express Chipset LPC Controller
pci@0000:00:1f.2 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA
pci@0000:00:1f.3 bus 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Control
pci@0000:00:1f.5 storage 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family Desktop SATA
scsi1 storage
scsi@1:0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 500GB WDC WD5000AAKX-0
scsi@1:0.0.0,1 /dev/sda1 volume 14GiB Linux swap volume
scsi@1:0.0.0,2 /dev/sda2 volume 74GiB EXT4 volume
scsi@1:0.0.0,3 /dev/sda3 volume 232GiB EXT4 volume
scsi@1:0.0.0,4 /dev/sda4 volume 143GiB Extended partition
/dev/sda5 volume 143GiB Linux filesystem partition
usb@2:1.6 wlx503eaa7c4c9b network Wireless interface
$
5. We can use -class option to display particular class of devices. If we want to see only the disk devices and memory devices we use the following command. Here we are using -short option to see a compact output.
$ lshw -short -class memory -class network WARNING: you should run this program as super-user. H/W path Device Class Description ======================================================== /0/0 memory 7814MiB System memory /0/100/19 enp0s25 network 82579V Gigabit Network Connection /1 wlx503eaa7c4c9b network Wireless interface WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user. $
Advertisements