In Python, the built-in class attribute __bases__ is used to get the tuple of base classes of a class. When you define a new class in Python, you can specify one or more base classes from which the new class will inherit. The base classes are specified in parentheses after the class name, like this: class ChildClass(BaseClass1, BaseClass2): # class definition goes here In this example, the ChildClass inherits from BaseClass1 and BaseClass2, which are called the base classes of ChildClass. The __bases__ attribute is a tuple that contains the base classes of a class. ... Read More

When it comes to working with data sequences in Python, tuples are one of the excellent choices due to their immutability and efficiency. Fortunately, Python provides several built-in functions to simplify and speed up working with tuples, especially when you need to access the index of each element in a for-loop. This article will explore two approaches to accessing the index in a tuple for loop: the range() function and the enumerate() function. What is a Tuple in Python? Tuples in Python are a set of immutable elements separated by a comma. For example, consider the following tuple definition − ... Read More

NumPy Multidimensional Arrays As the name suggests, Multidimensional Arrays are a technique that can be described as a way of defining and storing data in a format that has more than two dimensions (2D). Python allows the implementation of Multidimensional Arrays by nesting a list function inside another list function. Here are some examples on how we can create single and multidimensional arrays in Python using Numpy. Single Dimensional Array Example import numpy as np simple_arr = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) print(simple_arr ) Output [0 1 2 3 4] Algorithm Import the NumPy library Use ... Read More

In this article, we will understand the concept of UPnP. It has features to discover and connect devices automatically within the local area network. This, uses standard protocols like TCP/IP, DHCP, and HTTP for establishing connections and acquiring IP addresses on the devices that are connected wirelessly. UPnP devices are popular as users can make video streaming to TV which is connected to the internet, home automation is made simpler using IoT-enabled devices, connecting printers to laptops, PC, smart TV, etc. Let’s show you an example Creating a connection between a PC or laptop or any other network-enabled device with ... Read More

The Cellular device has evolved a lot and it has become part of everyone’s life as a hands − on device. Now, most people are access to mobile technology that uses Global Standard for Mobile Communication which is termed wireless mobile communication. The First designed Mobile phones use radio waves. Cellular communication comes under the network technology comprising cells and base stations. The usage of it is by dividing the area into smaller cells and reusing the frequency. In this article, we will study the concept of the Traditional Wireless Mobile Communication. The Traditional analog system is designed for the ... Read More

Tethering is the feature that uses mobile phone data as a modem or router which connects to other mobile devices or laptops or any device that requires an internet connection. When the user needs to upload or download any document using a laptop or desktop machine than an internet facility can be made available in any environment using tethering as a wireless or wired network. Connecting data from a mobile device to a laptop or other devices can be done by Wired setup involves connecting the required device to a USB cable and wireless setup is using Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Mobile ... Read More

Unicode is the information technology standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text that is expressed in the world’s writing systems. The standard is created by the Unicode Consortium in 1991. It includes symbols, arrows, characters, etc. Characters that are mostly used in the English language, are represented by the ASCII subset of Unicode. Unicode, on the other hand, is a more thorough encoding technique that can represent characters from various languages and scripts, including mathematical symbols and other specialist characters. Unicode Standard approved by the Unicode consortium and international standard ISO. Definition Unicode is a universal character ... Read More

The Internet of Things(IoT) is the most buzzword in today's technology, which will completely depend on the internet. The Internet of Things will be helpful to create or provide communication among physical objects, these objects include either sensors or software which will provide a link and transfer the data between devices utilizing the Internet. We can simply say that with the support of the internet and IOT human can communicate with the machine and communication might occur between machine to machine. The word “Things ” in the Internet Of Things can be physical objects or machines which are connected internet ... Read More

In this article, we will understand the types of Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU). It is the process in which switches are presented in the STP domain that enables exchanging messages. The Spanning Tree Algorithm would use the transmission of BPDU to recognize the type of network. After the devices are attached to the ports, the data transmission does not start immediately rather they start moving from one state to another. This movement is used by the BPDU to determine the topology of the network. Hence, enabling the participation of the switches to gather information about one another. Types of ... Read More

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables connecting smart devices to the network and these devices can communicate with each other without human intervention. This technology allows users to transmit huge amounts of data through wireless media. “Things” are smart devices and sensors that are added to everyday activities using a network connection. IoT devices are classified based on their usage in customer services, industrial needs, and commercial purposes. Networks of IoT can be categorized by the mobile network, Bluetooth connections, WAN, and Mesh protocols. IoT device chooses their network based on distance coverage, bandwidth, signal transmission, etc. In this article, ... Read More