JavaFX - Stacked Area Chart

StackedArea Chart is a variation of the Area Chart that displays trends of the contribution of each value (For example – overtime). The areas are stacked so that each series adjoins, but does not overlap the preceding series. This contrasts with the Area chart where each series overlays the preceding series.

Following is a Stacked chart depicting population growth.

Stacked Area

Stacked Area Chart in JavaFX

In JavaFX, a Stacked Area chart is represented by a class named StackedAreaChart. This class belongs to the package javafx.scene.chart. By instantiating this class, you can create a StackedAreaChart node in JavaFX.

To generate a stacked area chart in JavaFX, follow the steps given below.

Step 1: Defining the Axis

Define the X and Y axis of the stacked area chart and set labels to them. In our example, X axis represents various years from 1750 to 2050. These have major tick units for every 50 years. While the Y axis represents the population growth in millions.

public class ClassName extends Application { 
   @Override     
   public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
      //Defining the X axis               
      CategoryAxis xAxis = new CategoryAxis();    

      xAxis.setCategories(FXCollections.<String>observableArrayList
      (Arrays.asList("1 750", "1800", "1850", "1900", "1950", "1999", "2050" )));  

      //Defining the Y axis 
      NumberAxis yAxis = new NumberAxis(0, 10000, 2500); 
      yAxis.setLabel("Population in Billions");
   }    
}

Step 2: Creating the Stacked Area Chart

Create a line chart by instantiating the class named StackedAreaChart of the package javafx.scene.chart. To the constructor of this class, pass the objects representing the X and Y axis created in the previous step.

//Creating the Area chart 
StackedAreaChart<String, Number> areaChart = new StackedAreaChart(xAxis, yAxis);         
areaChart.setTitle("Historic and Estimated Worldwide Population Growth by Region");

Step 3: Preparing the Data

Instantiate the XYChart.Series class and add the data (a series of, x and y coordinates) to the Observable list of this class as follows −

//Prepare XYChart.Series objects by setting data 
XYChart.Series series1 = new XYChart.Series();  
series1.setName("Asia"); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 502)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 635)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 809)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 947)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 1402)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 3634)); 
series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 5268));  

XYChart.Series series2 = new XYChart.Series();  
series2.setName("Africa"); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 106)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 107)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 111)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 133)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 221)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 767)); 
series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 1766));       

XYChart.Series series3 = new XYChart.Series();  
series3.setName("Europe"); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 163)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 203)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 276)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 408)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 547)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 729)); 
series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 628));  

XYChart.Series series4 = new XYChart.Series();  
series4.setName("America"); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 18)); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 31));   

series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 54)); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 156)); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 339)); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 818)); 
series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 1201));  

XYChart.Series series5 = new XYChart.Series();  
series5.setName("Oceania"); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 2)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 2)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 2)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 6)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 13)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 30)); 
series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 46));

Step 4: Add Data to the Stacked Area Chart

Add the data series prepared in the previous step to the stacked area chart as follows −

//Setting the data to area chart        
areaChart.getData().addAll(series1, series2, series3, series4, series5);

Step 5: Creating a Group Object

In the start() method, create a group object by instantiating the class named Group, which belongs to the package javafx.scene.

Pass the StackedAreaChart (node) object created in the previous step as a parameter to the constructor of the Group class. This should be done in order to add it to the group as follows −

Group root = new Group(stackedAreaChart);

Step 6: Launching Application

Lastly, follow the given steps below to launch the application properly −

  • Firstly, instantiate the class named Scene by passing the Group object as a parameter value to its constructor. To this constructor, you can also pass dimensions of the application screen as optional parameters.

  • Then, set the title to the stage using the setTitle() method of the Stage class.

  • Now, a Scene object is added to the stage using the setScene() method of the class named Stage.

  • Display the contents of the scene using the method named show().

  • Lastly, the application is launched with the help of the launch() method.

Example

The following table lists out the population of different continents from year 1750 till year 2050.

Asia Africa Europe America Oceania
1750 502 106 163 18 2
1800 635 107 203 31 2
1850 809 111 276 54 2
1900 947 133 408 156 6
1950 1402 221 547 339 13
1999 3634 767 729 818 30
2050 5268 1766 628 1201 46

Following is a Java program which generates a stacked area chart depicting the above data using JavaFX.

Save this code in a file with the name StackedAreaChartExample.java.

import java.util.Arrays; 
import javafx.application.Application; 
import static javafx.application.Application.launch; 
import javafx.collections.FXCollections; 
import javafx.scene.Group; 
import javafx.scene.Scene; 
import javafx.scene.chart.CategoryAxis; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
import javafx.scene.chart.NumberAxis; 
import javafx.scene.chart.StackedAreaChart; 
import javafx.scene.chart.XYChart; 
         
public class StackedAreaChartExample extends Application { 
   @Override 
   public void start(Stage stage) {     
      //Defining the axes               
      CategoryAxis xAxis = new CategoryAxis();      
      xAxis.setCategories(FXCollections.<String>observableArrayList( 
      Arrays.asList("1750", "1800", "1850", "1900", "1950", "1999", "2050" ))); 
         
      NumberAxis yAxis = new NumberAxis(0, 10000, 2500); 
      yAxis.setLabel("Population in Millions");     
      
      //Creating the Area chart 
      StackedAreaChart<String, Number> areaChart = new StackedAreaChart(xAxis, yAxis);
      areaChart.setTitle("Historic and Estimated Worldwide Population Growth by Region");
         
      //Prepare XYChart.Series objects by setting data 
      XYChart.Series series1 = new XYChart.Series();  
      
      series1.setName("Asia"); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 502)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 635)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 809)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 947)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 1402)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 3634)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 5268));         
                         
      XYChart.Series series2 = new XYChart.Series();  
      series2.setName("Africa"); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 106)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 107)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 111)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 133)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 221)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 767)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 1766));      
         
      XYChart.Series series3 = new XYChart.Series();   
      series3.setName("Europe"); 
  
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 163)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 203)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 276)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 408)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 547)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 729)); 
      series3.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 628)); 
         
      XYChart.Series series4 = new XYChart.Series();  
      series4.setName("America"); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 18)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 31)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 54)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 156)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 339)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 818)); 
      series4.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 1201)); 
         
      XYChart.Series series5 = new XYChart.Series();  
      series5.setName("Oceania"); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1750", 2)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1800", 2)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1850", 2)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1900", 6)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1950", 13)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("1999", 30)); 
      series5.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("2050", 46)); 
                
      //Setting the data to area chart        
      areaChart.getData().addAll(series1, series2, series3, series4, series5); 
         
      //Creating a Group object  
      Group root = new Group(areaChart); 
          
      //Creating a scene object 
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 400); 
      
      //Setting title to the Stage 
      stage.setTitle("Stacked Area Chart"); 
         
      //Adding scene to the stage 
      stage.setScene(scene); 
         
      //Displaying the contents of the stage 
      stage.show();         
   } 
   public static void main(String args[]){ 
      launch(args); 
   } 
}

Compile and execute the saved java file from the command prompt using the following commands.

javac --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackedAreaChartExample.java 
java --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackedAreaChartExample

Output

On executing, the above program generates a JavaFX window displaying a stacked area chart as shown below.

Stacked Area Example

Example

The following table depicts the number of fruits consumed by John and Jane in a week.

Day of the Week Fruits consumed by John Fruits consumed by Jane
Monday 3 1
Tuesday 4 3
Wednesday 3 4
Thursday 5 3
Friday 4 3
Saturday 10 5
Sunday 12 4

Following is a Java program which generates a stacked area chart, depicting the above data using JavaFX.

Save this code in a file with the name StackedAreaChartFruits.java.

import javafx.application.Application; 
import javafx.scene.Group; 
import javafx.scene.Scene; 
import javafx.scene.chart.StackedAreaChart; 
import javafx.scene.chart.CategoryAxis; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
import javafx.scene.chart.NumberAxis; 
import javafx.scene.chart.XYChart; 
         
public class StackedAreaChartFruits extends Application { 
   @Override 
   public void start(Stage stage) {     
      //Defining the X axis               
      CategoryAxis xAxis = new CategoryAxis();  
           
      //defining the y Axis 
      NumberAxis yAxis = new NumberAxis(0, 15, 2.5); 
      yAxis.setLabel("Fruit units");  
      
      //Creating the Area chart 
      StackedAreaChart areaChart = new StackedAreaChart(xAxis, yAxis);
      areaChart.setTitle("Average fruit consumption during one week");        
         
      //Prepare XYChart.Series objects by setting data  
      XYChart.Series series1 = new XYChart.Series();  
      series1.setName("John"); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Monday", 3)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Tuesday", 4)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Wednesday", 3)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Thursday", 5)); 
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Friday", 4));
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Saturday", 10));  
      series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Sunday", 12)); 
                         
      XYChart.Series series2 = new XYChart.Series(); 
      series2.setName("Jane"); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Monday", 1)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Tuesday", 3)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Wednesday", 4)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Thursday", 3)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Friday", 3)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Saturday", 5)); 
      series2.getData().add(new XYChart.Data("Sunday", 4));       
                
      //Setting the XYChart.Series objects to area chart        
      areaChart.getData().addAll(series1,series2); 
         
      //Creating a Group object  
      Group root = new Group(areaChart); 
         
      //Creating a scene object 
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 400);  
      
      //Setting title to the Stage 
      stage.setTitle("Stacked Area Chart"); 
         
      //Adding scene to the stage 
      stage.setScene(scene); 
         
      //Displaying the contents of the stage 
      stage.show();         
   } 
   public static void main(String args[]){ 
      launch(args);
   }
}

Compile and execute the saved java file from the command prompt using the following commands.

javac --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackedAreaChartFruits.java 
java --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackedAreaChartFruits

Output

On executing, the above program generates a JavaFX window displaying an area chart as shown below.

Area Chart
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