- General Knowledge Tutorial
- GK Useful Resources
- GK - Online Quiz
- GK - Online Test
- GK - Quick Guide
- GK - Useful Resources
- GK - Discussion
General Knowledge - Diseases
Vitamin Deficiency Diseases
| Vitamin Name | Chemical Name/s | Deficiency Disease | Food Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin K | Phylloquinone, Menaquinones | Bleeding diathesis | Leafy green vegetables e.g. spinach, egg yolks, liver |
| Vitamin E | Tocopherols, Tocotrienols | Sterility in males and abortions in females, mild hemolytic anemia in newborn infants | Fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds |
| Vitamin D | Cholecalciferol (D3), Ergocalciferol (D2) | Rickets and osteomalacia | Fish, eggs, liver, mushrooms |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid | Scurvy | Fruits and vegetables |
| Vitamin B9 | Folic acid, Folinic acid | Megaloblastic anemia and deficiency during pregnancy is associated with birth defects, such as neural tube defects | Leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, cereal, liver |
| Vitamin B7 | Biotin | Dermatitis, enteritis | Raw egg yolk, liver, peanuts, leafy green vegetables |
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine, Pyridoxamine, Pyridoxal | Anemia peripheral neuropathy | Meat, vegetables, tree nuts, bananas |
| Vitamin B5 | Pantothenic acid | Paresthesia | Meat, broccoli, avocados |
| Vitamin B3 | Niacin, Niacinamide | Pellagra | Meat, fish, eggs, many vegetables,mushrooms, tree nuts |
| Vitamin B2 | Riboflavin | Ariboflavinosis, glossitis, angular stomatitis | Dairy products, bananas, popcorn, green beans, asparagus |
| Vitamin B12 | Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin | Megaloblastic anemia | Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk |
| Vitamin B1 | Thiamine | Beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome | Pork, oatmeal, brown rice, vegetables, potatoes, liver, eggs |
| Vitamin A | Retinol | Night blindness, hyperkeratosis, and keratomalacia | Orange, ripe yellow fruits, leafy vegetables, carrots, pumpkin, squash, spinach, fish, soya milk, milk |
Diseases Caused by Bacteria
| Disease Name | Bacteria Pathogen | Affected Organs | Transmission Through |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthrax | Bacillus Anthracis | Skin & Lung | Infected environment e.g. infected animals |
| Chlamydial urethritis | Chlamydia trachomatis | Cervix, Eye, Urethra | Sexual |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae | Intestine | Food & water |
| Diphtheria | Corynebacterium diphtheria | Nose, throat | Infected person |
| Gonorrhoea | Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Urinary tract | Sexual |
| Leprosy (or Hansen's disease (HD)) | Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis | Skin, bone, nerves | Contact |
| Plague | Yersinia pestis | Lymph | Infected fleas |
| Pneumonia | Bacterial pneumonia (also from virus) | Lung | Environment |
| Pertussis (also whooping cough) | Bordetella pertussis | Lung | Infected environment |
| Salmonellosis | Salmonella | Intestine | Food |
| Syphilis | Treponema pallidum | Skin, Cardiovascular organs | Sexual |
| Tetanus | Clostridium tetani | Muscle (spasms) | Infected environment |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Lung | Infected air |
| Typhus | Rickettsia bacteria | Skin | Bugs or by other means of contact |
Diseases Caused by Virus
| Disease Name | Virus | Affected Organs | Transmission Through |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus Infections | Adenovirus (DNA) | Lungs, Eyes | Contact |
| AIDS | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | T-lymphocytes | Sexual or by other fluid contact |
| Arbovirus encephalitis | RNA viruses | Brain | Mosquito, tick or another arthropod |
| Chicken pox (Varicella) | Varicella zoster virus (VZV) | Skin, Nervous System | Contact |
| Cytomegalovirus Disease | Cytomegalovirus (CMV) | Blood, Lungs | Contact |
| Dengue Fever | (Dengue virus) RNA | Blood, Muscles | Mosquito |
| Ebola | Ebola viruses | whole body | bodily fluids |
| German Measles (Rubella) | (Rubella virus) RNA | Skin | Contact |
| Hepatitis A | (Hepatovirus A) RNA | Liver | Contaminated Food, Water |
| Hepatitis B | (Hepatitis B virus (HBV)) DNA | Liver | Contact with body Fluids |
| Herpes Simplex | (Herpes simplex virus(HSV)) DNA | Skin, Pharynx, Genital organs | Contact |
| Influenza | (Influenza virus) RNA | Respiratory Tract | Droplets |
| Measles (Rubeola) | (Measles virus (MeV)) RNA | Respiratory Tract, Skin | Contact |
| Mumps (Epidemic Parotitis) | (Mumps virus) RNA | Salivary Glands, Blood | Contact |
| Polio (Poliomyelitis) | (Poliovirus) RNA | Intestine, Brain, Spinal Cord | Food, Water, Contact |
| Rabies | (Lyssaviruses, Rabies virus) RNA | Brain, Spinal cord | Contact with body Fluids |
| Smallpox (Variola) | (Variola major and Variola minor) DNA | Skin, Blood | Contact, Droplets |
| Yellow Fever | (Yellow fever virus) RNA | Liver, Blood | Mosquito (Aedes Aegypti) |
Diseased Caused by Fungus
| Disease Name | Causing Fungi | Organs Affected |
|---|---|---|
| Athlete's foot (Tinea Pedis) | Fungi | Foot, skin |
| Ringworm | Fungi | Skin |
| Fungal Meningitis | Fungi | Blood, immune system |
| Psoriasis | Fungi | Skin |
| Onychomycosis | Fungi | Nail |
Advertisements