Found 825 Articles for Network

Virtual – circuit and datagram networks are categories of packet switching network. In virtual circuits, a virtual path is established between the source and the destination systems through which the data packets are transferred from the source to the destination. In the other hand, in datagram networks, each data packet called datagram contain adequate header information so that they can be individually routed by all intermediate network switching devices to the destination.DifferencesIssueVirtual – Circuit NetworksDatagram NetworksConnectivityVirtual – circuits are connection oriented networks.Datagram networks are connectionless.PathIn these networks, the path between the source and the destination nodes that is followed by ... Read More

A routing algorithm is a procedure that lays down the route or path to transfer data packets from source to the destination. They help in directing Internet traffic efficiently. After a data packet leaves its source, it can choose among the many different paths to reach its destination. Routing algorithm mathematically computes the best path, i.e. “least – cost path” that the packet can be routed through.Types of Routing AlgorithmsRouting algorithms can be broadly categorized into two types, adaptive and nonadaptive routing algorithms. They can be further categorized as shown in the following diagram −Adaptive Routing AlgorithmsAdaptive routing algorithms, also ... Read More

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a routing technique that augments speed and control of the network traffic by directing data from one node to the next node based on short path labels. Instead of being routed using long network addresses, the data packets are routed through path labels that identify virtual paths between the nodes rather than endpoints. MPLS speeds up traffic flows by avoiding complex lookups in the routing table at each node as in conventional routing algorithms.MPLS is a scalable and protocol-independent routing technique. It works with Internet Protocol (IP), Ethernet, Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM). ... Read More

Virtual – circuit network is a category of packet switching network, where a virtual path is established between the source and the destination systems for data communication to occur. This path appears to the user as if it is a dedicated physical path, but actually is a logical circuit allocated from a managed pool of circuit resources as per traffic requirements. The network resources forming parts of this path can be shared by other communications, however, is not visible to this user.Features of Virtual – Circuit NetworkVirtual – circuit switching is done at the network layer of the communication system.In ... Read More

Virtual – circuit network is a category of packet switching network, where a virtual path is established between the source and the destination systems for data communication to occur. This path appears to the user as if it is a dedicated physical path, but actually is a logical circuit allocated from a managed pool of circuit resources as per traffic requirements. The network resources forming parts of this path can be shared by other communications, however, is not visible to this user.Phases of Virtual - Circuit TransmissionThere are three phases of transmission by virtual circuits, set up, data transfer and ... Read More

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a network protocol for carriertransmission that operates in the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. It senses or listens whether the shared channel for transmission is busy or not, and transmits if the channel is not busy. Using CMSA protocols, more than one users or nodes send and receive data through a shared medium that may be a single cable or optical fiber connecting multiple nodes, or a portion of the wireless spectrum.Working PrincipleWhen a station has frames to transmit, it attempts to detect presence of the carrier signal from the other nodes connected to ... Read More

What is Topology?Network Topology is the way network links and nodes are connected with each other. The physical signal transmission medium is referred to as network topology. On the other hand, "logical network topology" refers to how the data flows through a network among the connected devices, regardless of their physical link.In this article, we will compare and contrast the different features of two network topologies: Star Topology and Ring Topology. Read through this article to find out how Star Topology differs from Ring Topology.What is Star Topology?In a Start topology, a piece of a network is connected to a ... Read More

What is Topology?Network Topology is the way network links and nodes are connected with each other. The physical signal transmission medium is referred to as network topology. On the other hand, "logical network topology" refers to how the data flows through a network among the connected devices, regardless of their physical link.In this article, we will compare and contrast the different features of two network topologies − Star Topology and Mesh Topology. Read through this article to find out how Star Topology differs from Mesh Topology.What is Star Topology?In a Star topology, a piece of a network is connected to ... Read More

SMTP and POP3 are message protocols which are required for sending and receiving the messages between the mail servers. In this article, we are going to compare and contrast the various features of SMTP and POP3 based on the tasks for which these two protocols have been designed. What is SMTP? The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an Internet communication protocol for sending and receiving electronic mail. SMTP is used to transmit and receive mail messages by mail servers and other message transfer agents. User-level email clients usually utilize SMTP exclusively to transmit messages to a mail server for ... Read More

In communication systems, the data transfer between a sender and a receiver follows a particular mode which is also known as the "transmission mode". On the basis of the nature of data sent and received, we can categorize the Transmission modes as Simplex, Half−duplex, and Full−duplex. Read this article to find out more about these transmission modes and what sets them apart. Simplex Mode of Data Transmission In a data communication network, when there is a single movement of data or one control movement of data from the sender to the receiver, then it is called the Simplex mode of ... Read More