A latch is a device with particularly two stable states and these states are high-output and low-output. A latch has a feedback direction, to maintain the data. Latches can be memory devices and can save one bit of information. It is used to “latch onto” data and save it in ... Read More

A logic gate is an electronic device that creates logical decisions depends on the various combinations of digital signals accessible on its inputs. A digital logic gate can have greater than one input signal but has only one digital output signal. There are seven basic logic gates such as AND, ... Read More

Digital data is described, saved, and communicated as sets of binary digits which are known as bits. The set of bits is called binary code. Binary codes are used in devices as they enable computers to implement complex evaluations fastly and effectively.Classification of Binary CodesBinary codes can be defined as ... Read More

Digital electronics is an area of computer science. It manages with tools that can transmit out computer software. In digital electronics, we facilitate two-state or binary logic. There are two logic states including “0” (low) and “1” (high).A computer facilitates a binary number system for its services. Digital electronics defines ... Read More

In the electronic computer world, we measure technological growth by generation. A specific system belongs to a specific generation. Each generation denotes a significant change in computer design. The UNIVAC defines the first generation.The First Generation (1938-1953)The establishment of the first electronic analog computer in 1938 and the first electronic ... Read More

When instruction arrives at an empty reservation station, the superscalar processor follows two different approaches as shown in the figure. The straightforward approach is to process is an instruction in the same way as with a partially filled reservation station. However, entering instructions have to stay for at least one ... Read More

The availability of operands has to be checked in two scenarios such as when the operands are fetched from the register file, a scheme is needed to check whether requested contents are available in the register file. A similar scheme is needed during instruction dispatch to check whether all the ... Read More

Unlike individual reservation stations, a group or central reservation station, or a DRIS must be efficient in dispatching higher than one instruction in each cycle. In these cases, the design space needs an additional component that determines how many instructions can be dispatched from each of the reservation stations or ... Read More

The dispatch policy specifies how instructions are selected for execution and how to dispatch blockages are handled. The dispatch policy can be considered as a scheduling policy consisting of the components specified as shown in the figure.Selection Rule − The selection rule specifies when instructions are considered executable. Let us ... Read More

There are two types of operands fetch policies such as issue bound or dispatch bound. The issue-bound fetch policy defines that operands are fetched during instruction issues. In this method, shelving buffers influence instructions with their operand values, needing that the buffers be fully long to support space for all ... Read More