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Computer Engineering Articles
Page 3 of 35
Computer System Organisation
The computer system is a combination of many parts such as peripheral devices, secondary memory, CPU, etc. This can be explained more clearly using a diagram.The salient points about the above figure displaying Computer System Organisation is −The I/O devices and the CPU both execute concurrently. Some of the processes are scheduled for the CPU and at the same time, some are undergoing input/output operations.There are multiple device controllers, each in charge of a particular device such as keyboard, mouse, printer etc.There is buffer available for each of the devices. The input and output data can be stored in these ...
Read MoreError-Detecting Codes - Checksums
Errors and Error DetectionWhen bits are transmitted over the computer network, they are subject to get corrupted due to interference and network problems. The corrupted bits leads to spurious data being received by the receiver and are called errors.Error detection techniques are responsible for checking whether any error has occurred or not in the frame that has been transmitted via network. It does not take into account the number of error bits and the type of error.For error detection, the sender needs to send some additional bits along with the data bits. The receiver performs necessary checks based upon the ...
Read MoreDifferences between Pure Aloha and Slotted Aloha
The Aloha Protocol allows several stations to send data frames over the same communication channel at the same time. This protocol is a straightforward communication method in which each network station is given equal priority and works independently.Aloha is a medium access control (MAC) protocol for transmission of data via a shared network channel. Using this protocol, several data streams originating from multiple nodes are transferred through a multi-point transmission channel.There are two types of Aloha protocols − Pure Aloha and Slotted Aloha.In Pure Aloha, the time of transmission is continuous. Whenever a station has an available frame, it sends ...
Read MoreWhat are Routers in Computer Network?
Routers are networking devices operating at layer 3 or a network layer of the OSI model. They are responsible for receiving, analysing, and forwarding data packets among the connected computer networks. When a data packet arrives, the router inspects the destination address, consults its routing tables to decide the optimal route and then transfers the packet along this route.Features of RoutersA router is a layer 3 or network layer device.It connects different networks together and sends data packets from one network to another.A router can be used both in LANs (Local Area Networks) and WANs (Wide Area Networks).It transfers data ...
Read MoreWhat are Hub and Switch in Computer Network?
HubsA hub is a physical layer networking device which is used to connect multiple devices in a network. They are generally used to connect computers in a LAN.A hub has many ports in it. A computer which intends to be connected to the network is plugged in to one of these ports. When a data frame arrives at a port, it is broadcast to every other port, without considering whether it is destined for a particular destination or not.SwitchesA switch is a data link layer networking device which connects devices in a network and uses packet switching to send and ...
Read MoreWhat is Interprocess Communication?
Interprocess communication is the mechanism provided by the operating system that allows processes to communicate with each other. This communication could involve a process letting another process know that some event has occurred or the transferring of data from one process to another.A diagram that illustrates interprocess communication is as follows −Synchronization in Interprocess CommunicationSynchronization is a necessary part of interprocess communication. It is either provided by the interprocess control mechanism or handled by the communicating processes. Some of the methods to provide synchronization are as follows −SemaphoreA semaphore is a variable that controls the access to a common resource ...
Read MoreComputer System Architecture
A computer system is basically a machine that simplifies complicated tasks. It should maximize performance and reduce costs as well as power consumption. The different components in the Computer System Architecture are Input Unit, Output Unit, Storage Unit, Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit etc.A diagram that shows the flow of data between these units is as follows −The input data travels from input unit to ALU. Similarly, the computed data travels from ALU to output unit. The data constantly moves from storage unit to ALU and back again. This is because stored data is computed on before being stored again. ...
Read MoreProcess Contention Scope vs System Contention Scope
Process Contention Scope and System Contention Scope are two essential concepts in computer systems that deal with resource contention. Within this insightful piece, we shall delve into the intricacies surrounding the definitions, significance, illustrative instances, and disparities encompassing these two realms. Understanding their distinctions can help optimize system performance and ensure efficient resource utilization. Resource contention occurs when multiple processes or components compete for the same resources simultaneously. This contention can lead to reduced performance, increased latency, and even system failures. To address contention effectively, it is crucial to understand the different scopes at which contention can occur. Process Contention ...
Read MoreDifference Between Constant and Control
In the fields of science, engineering, and mathematics, the terms "constant" and "control" are frequently used. They are used to describe two different concepts, which are often used together in experiments and studies. However, despite their frequent usage, there is still some confusion around the meanings of these terms. In this essay, we will explore the difference between constant and control and examine their significance in various fields. What are Constants? A constant is a variable that remains unchanged throughout an experiment or study. It is a factor that does not vary, regardless of any other changes that may occur ...
Read MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of WLAN
Wireless local area networks (WLAN) have become increasingly popular in recent years as technology advances and the demand for more mobile and flexible network solutions grows. WLANs are a type of wireless networking that allows devices to connect to the internet or other networks without the need for physical cables. This type of networking has many advantages and disadvantages, which will be discussed in this article. Advantages of WLAN Mobility and Flexibility One of the biggest advantages of WLANs is the mobility and flexibility they provide. With a WLAN, users can easily connect to the network from anywhere within the ...
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