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Introduction In Python, a tuple is one of the types of data structures. The tuples are composed of items or elements and look more like lists. It has elements which cannot be changed after declaration. To return all the possible combinations of the tuple primarily the itertool library is used. The iteration or repetition process through the tuples is done using the iterator object containing various items. For the purpose of returning all possible combinations in a tuple, we can use many functions like combination(), chain(), product() and concatenation method. All Possible N combination tuples Tuple is a data structure ... Read More
In this problem, we require to determine the minimal cost to make the string’s left and right rotation same. Here is the observation which we will use to solve the problem. All characters should be equal for strings with odd lengths to make the left and right rotations the same. The string with an even length should have characters same at the even and odd indexes. Problem statement – We have a string of size N containing the different characters. We need to determine the minimum cost to make the left and right rotations of the given ... Read More
Introduction In graph theory, nodes and edges form the fundamental units of connected structures. They are widely used to represent a broad range of relationships and connections between different entities. In this article, we will dive into an interesting problem involving counting graphs formed by changing the color of red-colored nodes with black parent nodes in C++. We will explain the concept behind graph coloring, introduce an algorithmic approach to solve this problem, and provide a detailed C++ code implementation that we can use. Count of graphs formed by changing color Graph coloring is a concept that involves assigning colors ... Read More
Introduction In the world of programming, arrays play a fundamental role and are extensively used in various applications. Often, while working with large arrays, we come across situations where we need to determine to which array each element in each set of queries belongs. In this article, we will explore an efficient approach using C++ to find the corresponding array for each query along with the count of elements. The task at hand is to identify which array each query element belongs to and generate a count for those specific arrays. Find the array to which each element in given ... Read More
Introduction In the area of programming and data structures, binary trees are widely used to store and retrieve data efficiently. In this article, we will explore the concept of constructing a prime binary tree from a given non-cyclic graph consisting of N indices using C++ code. The Binary tree can be constructed from the non-cyclic graph and the types of this graph are tree, directed acyclic graph and some more. A prime tree comes under the division of binary tree which returns the prime number by appending the two consecutive edges of the graph. Construct a Prime Binary Tree from ... Read More
In this problem, we need to change the minimum characters in the given string to make its left and right rotations the same. In the string, we can observe that we can only make the left and right rotations of the string same if the string has an odd length and all characters are same, or the string has an even length and characters at even and odd indexes the same. For example, abab – Left and right rotation of the string is baba and baba. aaa – Left and right rotation of the stirng is aaa and aaa. ... Read More
Introduction In graph theory, a Hamiltonian path is a sequence of vertices that visits each vertex exactly once, with no repeated edges. It is named after Sir William Rowan Hamilton, an Irish mathematician who contributed significantly to various fields, including graph theory. In this article, we will dive deep into understanding and counting all possible Hamiltonian paths within a directed graph using C++ programming. Now, it's up to us to apply these principles and unlock the secrets concealed within different types of directed graphs. Count all Hamiltonian paths in a given directed graph A directed graph consists of a set ... Read More
In this problem, we will write Java code to find the maximum sum of consecutive zeros at the start and end of any string rotation. First, we will use a naïve approach to solve the problem, which generates all rotations of the binary string and counts the starting and ending consecutive zeros. After that, we will learn an optimized algorithm that counts the maximum consecutive zeros. Problem statement – Here, we have a string of size N containing only 0 and 1 characters. We need to find the maximum sum of consecutive zeros at the start and end of any ... Read More
Introduction In the area of graph theory, unweighted bidirectional graphs form a fundamental framework for modeling various real-world scenarios. These graphs allow us to explore relationships between different entities, such as road networks or social connections. One key aspect that captures our attention is finding paths between two nodes and determining their respective lengths. In this article, we dive into one interesting facet of this topic – understanding the distinction between the shortest path and second shortest path in an unweighted bidirectional graph. Shortest and second shortest path Unweighted bidirectional (or undirected) graphs consist of vertices or nodes connected by ... Read More
Introduction In computer programming, solving problems often requires us to manipulate strings effectively while accounting for their diversity. One interesting challenge is to determine the count of distinct groups that can be formed after performing equivalent operations on a given set of strings. In this article, we will explore an efficient approach using C++ code to tackle this problem and unlock new possibilities. By employing key algorithmic steps such as group identification, formation, and computation, programmers can effectively tackle challenges related to manipulating diverse sets of strings while maintaining their unique properties. Count of distinct groups of strings formed after ... Read More