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In this problem, we need to change the minimum characters in the given string to make its left and right rotations the same. In the string, we can observe that we can only make the left and right rotations of the string same if the string has an odd length and all characters are same, or the string has an even length and characters at even and odd indexes the same. For example, abab – Left and right rotation of the string is baba and baba. aaa – Left and right rotation of the stirng is aaa and aaa. ... Read More
Introduction In graph theory, a Hamiltonian path is a sequence of vertices that visits each vertex exactly once, with no repeated edges. It is named after Sir William Rowan Hamilton, an Irish mathematician who contributed significantly to various fields, including graph theory. In this article, we will dive deep into understanding and counting all possible Hamiltonian paths within a directed graph using C++ programming. Now, it's up to us to apply these principles and unlock the secrets concealed within different types of directed graphs. Count all Hamiltonian paths in a given directed graph A directed graph consists of a set ... Read More
In this problem, we will write Java code to find the maximum sum of consecutive zeros at the start and end of any string rotation. First, we will use a naïve approach to solve the problem, which generates all rotations of the binary string and counts the starting and ending consecutive zeros. After that, we will learn an optimized algorithm that counts the maximum consecutive zeros. Problem statement – Here, we have a string of size N containing only 0 and 1 characters. We need to find the maximum sum of consecutive zeros at the start and end of any ... Read More
Introduction In the area of graph theory, unweighted bidirectional graphs form a fundamental framework for modeling various real-world scenarios. These graphs allow us to explore relationships between different entities, such as road networks or social connections. One key aspect that captures our attention is finding paths between two nodes and determining their respective lengths. In this article, we dive into one interesting facet of this topic – understanding the distinction between the shortest path and second shortest path in an unweighted bidirectional graph. Shortest and second shortest path Unweighted bidirectional (or undirected) graphs consist of vertices or nodes connected by ... Read More
Introduction In computer programming, solving problems often requires us to manipulate strings effectively while accounting for their diversity. One interesting challenge is to determine the count of distinct groups that can be formed after performing equivalent operations on a given set of strings. In this article, we will explore an efficient approach using C++ code to tackle this problem and unlock new possibilities. By employing key algorithmic steps such as group identification, formation, and computation, programmers can effectively tackle challenges related to manipulating diverse sets of strings while maintaining their unique properties. Count of distinct groups of strings formed after ... Read More
Introduction Python has got a remarkable place in the field of handling data with the technologies like data science and machine learning. In the 21st century handling data is the most challenging task for organizations with a high volume of data and with the development of data science and machine learning it has become easier to access. In the Python language, Unicode is used and is represented as UTF (Universal Coded Character Set plus Transfer Format)-8. To encode the characters, there are two main possibilities of characters one is an ASCII character and the other is a non-ASCII ... Read More
Introduction Python Language comes under the OOPS concept and it runs the code immediately without checking for errors. This language was discovered by Guido Rossum in 1989 and was globally launched in the year 1991. Python is a versatile and high-level language that can be understood easily by the user. In the current world, handling data is the most challenging task for organizations with a high volume of data and with the development of data science and machine learning it has become easier to access. Bitwise OR among list elements The Operator used for representing the bitwise operator is “|”. ... Read More
With the help of Excel, you can effectively organise and analyse data. To protect the integrity of your data and avoid unintentional changes, you might occasionally want to limit editing to only certain cells in your spreadsheet. In this article, we'll look at a number of approaches to completing this work, giving you the power to decide which cells can be changed by you or others while still making the remainder of the spreadsheet accessible. Regardless of your level of Excel proficiency, this lesson will give you step-by-step instructions and insightful advice to help you protect your data and streamline ... Read More
Excel has robust options to regulate what values can be entered into particular cells, whether you're establishing a data entry form, generating a template for others to use, or simply want to assure accurate data input. You may eliminate errors, uphold data integrity, and preserve consistency throughout your Excel workbooks by limiting the input to predetermined values. You can provide criteria and rules for cell values using this effective tool, guaranteeing that only particular values or groups of values are approved. You can also make your own formulas using Excel's Data Validation function to check the accuracy of entered ... Read More
Excel is a robust spreadsheet programme that is frequently used to manage data and carry out calculations. To guarantee data consistency and integrity when using Excel, it is frequently important to limit data entry to a certain set of characters or forms. One typical requirement is to restrict the input of certain cells or ranges to alphanumeric characters, which comprise both letters and numbers. This tutorial will walk you through setting up data validation rules in Excel to restrict input to only alphanumeric characters for specific cells. This guide will walk you through each stage of the process, whether you're ... Read More