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The difference between monolithic programming and modular programming along with the advantages and disadvantage are explained below in detail.Monolithic programmingIf, we write an entire program in a single function that is in main function then, you call it as a monolithic type of programming. But, it is not a good style of writing entire logic in a single function.DisadvantagesThe disadvantages of monolithic programming include −Program seems to be very large and complex.Debugging, testing and maintenance of a program is very difficult.Modular ProgrammingIf the program is divided into number of functional parts, then we use to call it as modular programming.If ... Read More
Let the user enter the numbers in an array, which contains duplicate elements.Now, let’s write a code to delete the repeated numbers or elements in an array and make an array with unique elements without duplicatesFor example, An example is explained below −User input is 12, 30, 12, 45, 67, 30.Output is 12, 30, 45, 67 (after deleting duplicates).ProgramFollowing is the C program to delete the duplicate numbers in an array − Live Demo#include #define MAX 100 // Maximum size of the array int main(){ int array[MAX]; // Declares an array of size 100 int size; int ... Read More
Converting upper to lower and lower to upper is generally termed as toggle.Toggle each character means, in a given string, the lower letter is print in upper form and upper case is print in lower letter respectively.ProgramThe C program to convert upper case to lower and lower case to upper is given below − Live Demo#include #define MAX 100 void toggle(char * string); int main(){ char string[MAX]; printf("enter the string need to be toggle :"); gets(string); toggle(string); printf("final string after toggling is:"); printf("%s", string); return 0; } void toggle(char * string){ int ... Read More
With the help of addition and subtraction operations, we can swap two numbers from one memory location to another memory location.AlgorithmThe algorithm is explained below −STARTStep 1: Declare 2 variables x and y. Step 2: Read two numbers from keyboard. Step 3: Swap numbers. //Apply addition and subtraction operations to swap the numbers. i. x=x+y ii. y=x-y iii. x=x-y Step 4: Print x and y values.ProgramFollowing is the C program which explains swapping of two numbers without using third variable or a temporary variable −#include int main(){ int x, y; printf("enter x and y values:"); ... Read More
Using plt.xticks, we can change the X-axis scale.StepsUsing plt.plot() method, we can create a line with two lists that are passed in its argument.Add text to the axes. Add the text *s* to the axes at location *x*, *y* in data coordinates, using plt.text() method, where the font size can be customized by changing the font-size value.Using xticks method, get or set the current tick locations and labels of the X-axis.To show the figure, use plt.show() method.Exampleimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.plot([1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 4]) plt.text(2, 3, "y=x", color='red', fontsize=20) plt.xticks([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) ... Read More
Using plt.text() method, we can increase the font size.StepsUsing plt.plot() method, we can create a line with two lists that are passed in its argument.Add text to the axes. Add the text *s* to the axes at location *x*, *y* in data coordinates, using plt.text() method. Font size can be customized by changing the font-size value.To show the figure, use plt.show() method.Exampleimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.plot([1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 4]) plt.text(2, 3, "y=x", color='red', fontsize=20) # Increase fontsize by increasing value. plt.show()Output
We can use a user-defined method, autolabel, to annotate the axis value. Before that, we can initialize the fig and ax using plt.subplots() method.StepsCreate lists, labels, men_means, and women_means with different data elements.Return evenly spaced values within a given interval, using numpy.arrange() method.Set the width variable i.e., width=0.35.Create fig and ax variables using subplots method, where default nrows and ncols are 1.The bars are positioned at *x* with the given *align*\ment. Their dimensions are given by *height* and *width*. The vertical baseline is *bottom* (default 0), so create rect1 and rect2 using plt.bar() method.Set the Y-axis label using plt.ylabel() method.Set ... Read More
In this program, we can create a data frame and can plot a bar using df.plot.bar(x='lab', y='value', color='#5fba34') plot.StepsUsing Panda’s dataframe, we can create a data frame with the given dictionary, where the keys are lab and value, values of these keys are lists, respectively.Using Pandas plot.bar() method, we can create a vertical bar plot. A bar plot is a plot that presents categorical data with rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent.To show the figure, use the plt.show() method.Exampleimport pandas as pd from matplotlib import pyplot as plt df = pd.DataFrame({'lab': ['A', 'B', 'C'], ... Read More
Using plt.grid(axis="x") method, we can plot vertical gridlines.StepsMake a list of numbers.Set the X-axis label using plt.xlabel() method.Set the Y-axis label using plt.ylabel() method.Toggle the gridlines, and optionally set the properties of the lines, using plt.grid() method.To show the figure, use the plt.show() method, where the argument axis can be “x”, “y” or “both”.Examplefrom matplotlib import pyplot as plt plt.plot([0, 5], [0, 5]) plt.ylabel("Y-axis ") plt.xlabel("X-axis ") plt.grid(axis="x") plt.show()Output
We can use the resolution value, i.e., dots per inch, and the image format to plot a high-resolution graph in Matplotlib.StepsCreate a dictionary with Column 1 and Column 2 as the keys and Values are like i and i*i, where i is from 0 to 10, respectively.Create a data frame using pd.DataFrame(d); d created in step 1.Plot the data frame with ‘o’ and ‘rx’ style.To save the file in pdf format, use savefig() method where the image name is myImagePDF.pdf, format="pdf".We can set the dpi value to get a high-quality image.Using the saving() method, we can save the image with ... Read More