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The sizing property of all the widgets in the Tkinter frame is by default set to the size of the widgets themselves. The frame container shrinks or grows automatically to fit the widgets inside it. To stop allowing the frame to shrink or grow the widget, we can use propagate(boolean) method with one of any pack or grid geometry manager. This method stops the frame from propagating the widgets to be resized.There are two general ways we can define the propagate property, pack_propagate (False) – If the Frame is defined using the Pack Geometry Manager.grid_propagate (False) – If the Frame is ... Read More
A Menubar contains a set of Menu Item in which each Menu Item is defined for different functionalities or operations. Let us suppose that we want to update the label of Menu Bar Items, then we can use entryconfigure(item_number, options..) method in a callback. To update the Menu Items in the Menu Bar, we can add label in the above method.ExampleLet us create an application with a list of Menu Items in the Menu Bar. When we will click a Particular Item, it will change the text in it.#Import the required Library from tkinter import * #Create an Instance of tkinter frame ... Read More
In order to close or remove any widget in an existing Tkinter application, we can use the destroy() method. It terminates the widget process abruptly within the program. The method can be invoked with the specific widget we want to close.ExampleIn this example, we will create a button to remove the Label Widget from the application.#Import required libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk #Create an instance of Tkinter frame win= Tk() #Define the geometry of the window win.geometry("750x250") #Define a function to destroy the label widget def close_widget(): label.destroy() #Create a label label= Label(win, text= ... Read More
Tkinter ListBox widget is generally used for creating a list of items in the form of a list. The items can be chosen through the mouse buttons whenever we click a particular List Item. Each item in the ListBox is configured with the default color, which can be changed by defining the ‘background’ and ‘foreground’ color in itemconfig(options) method.ExampleIn this example, we will create a ListBox that contains a list of items. We will provide different colors to a few of the list items.#Import required libraries from tkinter import * #Create an instance of tkinter frame win= Tk() #Define ... Read More
The Menu Bar in Tkinter can be created by initializing Menu (parent) instances in the application. We can add checkbuttons in place of add_command to extend the feature of Menu Bar in any application.To add the menu items using the add_checkbutton(label, options) method, we first initialize a Menu Bar. Once the MenuBar is defined, we can give the value of menu items by using Checkbuttons. The CheckButtons can be used to add the list of Menu Items or options. Checkbuttons are nothing but the Boolean widget, which validates a particular value by making it True or False. To mark the ... Read More
The Tkinter window can be resized manually by defining the geometry ("width × height") method. We can automate or reset the window to its original form by passing an empty value to the geometry manager. Once the empty value is passed to the method, it will get resized automatically. In this example, we will create a Tkinter application that will display a Toplevel window (Popup window) with a defined size. When we press a RESET button, it will be resized again to its default size.Example#Import the library from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk #Create an instance of ... Read More
In data exchange between devices, communication procedures require to have the following to manage these factors of the exchange procedures −Physical Data EncodingThe data exchanged between two devices are physically transported using electrical signals considering particular coding methods. For two systems to accurately exchange data, they should consistently execute and translate data-carrying electrical signals.MultiplexingThis facilitates a parallel connection for various unconnected conversations.Transmission MediaThese concerns deal with the type of media used (fiber, copper, wireless, etc.), prescribed by the desirable bandwidth, protection to noise, and attenuation properties.Flow ControlThe data Communication procedure assigns memory resources, generally referred to as interaction buffers, to ... Read More
A variable in Tkinter is used to store the values of any data. For a Tkinter application, we can store the values in two ways −by defining the value programmatically, orby storing the value through user Input.A normal variable can be used to set the value for any application whenever it is required. However, we can take the user input by creating an instance of the StringVar() object. When we specify a Tkinter variable such as textvariable, for a widget (textvariable = myvar), the widget automatically gets updated whenever the value of the variable changes. However, there might be times ... Read More
A fully interconnected network was limited in this topology by using an individual cable around all nodes. Thus in this topology, only one line is shared by all nodes. Whenever any network transmits a message, it keeps both the sender address and the destination or receiver address as tags.The message rides on the single line, and as the receiver receives the message, it acknowledges in the response of the same message on same on the line along with both addresses. Before sending a message, it is always checked whether the connection line is free or not. If the line is ... Read More
In this topology, every node is connected using a separate physical link. Each computer network has a direct dedicated link, i.e., point to point connection with all other network computers. Each computer has its control and decision power for communication priorities.It is a very reliable topology because any transmission line’s failure only affects the transmission between the two connected computers. The communication or message is high-speed and has mostly a full-duplex mode, but at the same time, a large number of communication lines make the network costly as for nodes lines or links are required.AdvantagesThe advantages of the tree network ... Read More