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Transmission Mode represents the direction of the movement of data from one connection devices to other devices. It communicates the order of signal movement between the two devices.Following are the types of transmission modes in a computer network −Simplex Transmission ModeIn a computing network, when there is a single movement of data or one control movement of data from the sender to the receiver, it is called the Simplex mode of transmission.For example, A connection between a machine and a keyboard contains a simplex duplex transmission. A television advertisement is an example of simplex duplex transmission.A loudspeaker system is also a simplex transmission. A broadcaster communicates ... Read More
TCP/IP signifies transmission control protocol/Internet Protocol. It was created by Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later DARPA) in the late 1970s. It is a collection of communication protocol. It involves collection and methods for managing with packet transport, media access, session interaction, data transfer, email and terminal emulation.The TCP/IP reference model has four layers, as display in the figure −Host to Network LayerThis is the lowest layer in the TCP/IP reference model. The layer functioning is usually different in various relations. The main function of this layer is to instruct the upper layer when the host is linked to ... Read More
Tkinter Ttk is a native library in Tkinter which is used to style the widgets in a Tkinter application. It provides a native GUI interface to all the widgets defined in the application.In order to style the widgets with ttk, we have to import it in the notebook using the command ‘from tkinter import ttk’.For a particular application, we can change the font properties such as background color, foreground color, font size, font-family, and font style by defining an instance of ttk style object. After initializing the ttk object, we can configure(options) each widget defined in an application.ExampleIn this example, ... Read More
Tkinter Label widgets are used to add text or images to the application. We can even configure the basic properties of labels using the config(options) method. Generally, in order to configure the widgets property dynamically, we use callback functions where we modify the value of attributes.ExampleIn this example, we will modify the color Tkinter Labels by defining the callback function. The function can be activated by a button that forces the labels to change the color.#Import required libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk #Create an instance of tkinter frame win= Tk() #Define the geometry of ... Read More
Tkinter initially sets a default title bar for every application. We can update or replace the Title Bar of the Tkinter application by configuring the title("Enter any Title") method. For a particular application, let us see how we can change the title of a Tkinter application that calculates the square of a number.Example#Import the required Libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk import math #Create an instance of Tkinter frame win = Tk() #Set the geometry of tkinter frame win.geometry("750x270") #Set the Title of Tkinter window win.title("Square Calculator") def find_square(): no= int(entry.get()) ... Read More
A Progress Bar helps to visualize the state of a running process. We have used and interacted with many progress bars such as getting the status of downloading a file from the internet, Loading a file on the local system, etc.Let us suppose that we want to create and connect a progress bar in our application. We will create a full-width progress bar by using ProgressBar(win, options) method. It can be configured through a button that enables and disables it.Example#Import the required Libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk import time #Create an instance of tkinter frame ... Read More
In a particular application, we can create messagebox using messagebox method. Here is the list of messagebox we can create for a particular application, showinfo() - to show a general message on the screen.showwarning() - to show the warning to the user.showerror() - Display error message.askquestion() - Query the user through the messagebox.asktocancel() - Display the info to cancel an operation.askretrycancel() - Display the message to prompt the user to retry again or not.ExampleIn this example, we will create an application that will show an info message box after clicking a button.#Import required libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter ... Read More
The Combobox widget is similar to the OptionMenu widget in Tkinter which gives the user a choice to select from the group of options. The Combobox widget allows users to select the option with an Entry widget that adds selected menu items from the dropdown list.We can Enable or Disable the options in the given Combobox widget by providing the state property. The state property forces to make a widget either active or disabled. To disable the Combobox widget, we have to set the state property as readonly or disabled.Example#Import the required Libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk ... Read More
Tkinter Text widget accepts and supports multiline user input. We can specify other properties of the Text Widget such as the width, height, background, border-width, and other properties as well.Let us suppose that we want to erase all the content in the given Text widget; then, we can use the delete("1.0", END) function.ExampleIn this example, we will insert some random text using random module in Python and erase using the delete() method.#Import the required Libraries from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk import random #Create an instance of Tkinter frame win = Tk() #Set the geometry of Tkinter Frame ... Read More
A Tkinter frame widget can contain a group of widgets. We can change the state of widgets in the frame by enabling or disabling the state of its underlying frame. To disable all the widgets inside that particular frame, we have to select all the children widgets that are lying inside that frame using winfor_children() and change the state using state=(‘disabled’ or ‘enable’) attribute.ExampleIn this example, we will create a button and an entry widget. Initially, the state of entry widget is disabled. But when we click the button, it will enable all the widgets in the frame.#Import the required Libraries ... Read More