One of the remarkable discoveries in the field of electrical engineering is the grounding of electric current. In an electric circuit, there be an active wire, which supplies current and a neutral wire, which carries that current back. An additional grounding wire can be attached to outlets and other electrical ... Read More

Power in AC circuitActive Power (P)The product of voltage (RMS) and current (RMS) with the cosine of the angle between them, in an AC circuit is termed as active power. It is measured in watts (W). For a pure inductive and pure capacitive circuit, the active power being zero.Active Power, ... Read More

The power transformers are design to operate with an almost constant load which is equal to their rating. The maximum efficiency being designed to be at full load. Therefore, the fullload winding copper losses must be equal to the core losses.Actually, all the transformers are the same that is same ... Read More

An oscilloscope is a device which allows the amplitude of electrical signals (current, voltage, power etc.) to be display as a function of time.Oscilloscope Parts and their FunctionAn oscilloscope consists of following major parts (see the block diagram) −Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) – The CRT displays the quantity being measured. ... Read More

A device that can measure the resistance directly is known as an ohmmeter. There are two types of ohmmeters asSeries Types OhmmeterShunt Type OhmmeterSeries Type OhmmeterCircuit DiagramThe circuit of a series type ohmmeter consists of a D’Arsonval galvanometer (PMMC meter) connected in series with a resistance and a battery. It ... Read More

When the two coils are arranged in such a way that a change of current in one coil causes an emf to be induced in the other, the coils are said to have mutual inductance. The mutual inductance is denoted letter M and measured in Henry.Consider two coils, coil 1 ... Read More

The Magnetomotive force (MMF) is defined as the work done in moving a unit magnetic pole once around the magnetic circuit. It is a magnetic pressure that tends to set up magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit. Mathematically, the mmf is the product of current and number of turns of ... Read More

The magnetic field intensity is the force acting on a unit test north-pole (i.e., N-pole of 1 Wb) placed at a point in the magnetic field. It is denoted by H.The magnetic field intensity is a vector quantity, possessing both magnitude and direction.The magnetic field intensity is also known by ... Read More

Distribution SystemThe distribution system is defined as the part of electrical power system which distributes electrical power for local use. On the basis of voltage level a distribution system can be classified in two categories viz.Low Voltage (LV) Distribution SystemHigh Voltage (HV) Distribution SystemLow Voltage (LV) Distribution SystemThe distribution system ... Read More

Single Phase SystemInstantaneous PowerThe instantaneous power in an AC circuit is defined as the product of instantaneous voltage (v) across the element and instantaneous current (i) through the element and is denoted by lower case letter p.Instantaneous Power, $\mathrm{p=v\times\:i}$Since, the values of instantaneous voltage and instantaneous current changes from instant ... Read More