B-H Curve or Magnetisation CurveThe B-H curve or magnetisation curve is the graph plotted between magnetic flux density (B) and magnetising force (H). The B-H curve indicates the manner in which the magnetic flux density varies with the change in magnetising force.The following figure shows the general shape of B-H ... Read More

Magnetic CircuitA magnetic circuit is defined as a closed path followed by the magnetic flux.A magnetic circuit consists of a core of materials having high permeability like iron, soft steel etc. It is because these materials offer very small opposition to the flow of magnetic flux.Consider a coil of N ... Read More

When two inductors are joined end to end i.e. finishing end of one joined to the starting end of the other and same current flows through both the inductors, then the inductors are said to be connected in series.Inductors in Series with No Mutual InductanceConsider two inductors of inductance $L_{1}$ ... Read More

Induced EMFWhen a magnetic flux linking a conductor or coil changes, an electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the conductor or coil, is known as induced EMF. Depending upon the way of bringing the change in magnetic flux, the induced EMF is of two types −Statically Induced EMFDynamically Induced EMFStatically ... Read More

Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic InductionMichael Faraday (an English scientist) performed a series of experiments to demonstrate the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction and he summed up his conclusions into two laws, known as Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction.First Law of Electromagnetic InductionThe first law states that "when a magnetic flux linking ... Read More

Hysteresis LossWhen a magnetic material is subjected to cycle of magnetisation (i.e. it is magnetised first in one direction and then in the other), a power loss occurs due to molecular friction in the material i.e. the magnetic domains of the material resist being turned first in one direction and ... Read More

When electric current is passed through a conductor, heat is generated in the conductor. This effect of electric current is known as heating effect of electric current.In practice, when electric current is passed through the element of an electric heater, the element of the heater becomes red hot, because the ... Read More

When a current carrying conductor is placed at right angles to a magnetic field, it is found that a force acts on the conductor in a direction perpendicular to the direction of both the magnetic field and the current.ExplanationConsider a straight conductor carrying a current of I amperes. If the ... Read More

An English electrical engineer and physicist Sir John Ambrose Fleming established two rules, known as Fleming's Left-Hand Rule and Fleming's Right-Hand Rule which are widely used in electrical machines.When a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a mechanical force acts on the conductor. The direction this force ... Read More

Star (Wye) Connected SystemLet VR, VY and VB represents the three phase voltages while VRY, VYB and VBR represents the line voltages. Assume that the system is balanced, so$$\mathrm{\lvert\:V_{R}\rvert=\lvert\:V_{Y}\rvert=\lvert\:V_{B}\rvert=\lvert\:V_{ph}\rvert}$$From the circuit and phasor diagram of star connected load, it can be observed that the line voltage VRY is a vector ... Read More