In this article, we will discuss the definition, internal block diagram, circuit configuration, and applications of voltage regulator 7805 IC. Let’s begin with the basic introduction of voltage regulator. A voltage regulator is an essential element of power supplies used in several electrical and electronic devices such as computers, amplifier, automobile alternator, mobile chargers, etc. A voltage regulator is basically an electronic circuit that generates a regulated voltage of fixed value from an unregulated fluctuating voltage. A voltage regulator is required in a circuit because all voltage sources cannot provide a steady voltage due to change in the load current ... Read More

Electricity is form of energy that is obtained from other form of energy such as chemical energy, nuclear energy, heat energy, solar energy, etc. available in the nature. Electricity is the phenomenon associated with the existence and motion of the electric charge in the matter. This article is meant for explaining the nature of electricity. But before that we will understand the concept of electricity and is existence. The Concept of Electricity Electricity, also referred to as electrical energy, is a form of energy which is usually obtained from other forms of energy present in the nature. Electricity is a ... Read More

The collection of electrons (electric charge) at a short distance away from a metal surface forming a cloud of electric charge around the metal surface is known as space charge. These electrons are emitted from the metal surface on the application of electric field. In other words, the space charge is defined as the spatial distribution of electric charge within an insulating medium. In this article, we will discuss the definition and consequences of the space charge. What is Space Charge? As discuss above, the space charge is the accumulation or collection of electric charge in a particular region within ... Read More

We have several electrical and electronic circuits that require a DC power supply to operate. But, due to some technical and economical limitations, we cannot use conventional sources of DC power such as batteries and DC generators. In this situation, we use an electronic circuit that can convert AC power into DC power, such a circuit is known as rectifier. However, the DC power output of a rectifier is a fluctuating DC voltage and current which may damage the electronic circuit. Thus, to overcome the problem of variation in voltage, some voltage regulating devices are used so that we can ... Read More

In electrical and electronic circuits, the difference between potentials of two points is referred to as voltage or potential difference. Sometime we come across a term "open circuit voltage" while analyzing electric circuits. The term open circuit voltage is very common when we use Thevenin’s Theorem to analyze the circuit. Therefore, in this article, we will discuss what the open circuit voltage is, and how to calculate and test it. So let’s begin with a basic introduction of the open circuit voltage. What is Open Circuit Voltage? In an electric circuit, when a gap or open is created, and the ... Read More

In electrical and electronics, the term electric current (or current) is used to represent the flow of electric charge (electrons or holes) in a particular direction. Hence, the electric current is simply defined as the directed flow of electrons (in metals), and electrons and holes (in semiconductors). In actual practice, the electric current can only flow through metals and semiconductors, while insulators block the flow of electric current through them. Based on the direction of flow, the electrical current is broadly classified into two types namely direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). In this article, we will discuss the ... Read More

In electrical and electronic circuits, the term voltagevoltage is used to denote the potential difference between two points. Based on the nature, the voltage can be of two types namely – AC Voltage and DC Voltage. In this article, we shall confine our attention to the DC Voltage only. Here, we will discuss the definition of DC voltage, its symbolic representation, DC wire color codes used in different electrical standards, and methods of DC voltage measurement. Let’s begin with the basic definition of DC voltage. What is DC Voltage? DC Voltage is an abbreviation of Direct Current Voltage. The voltage ... Read More

In electrical and electronic circuits, we have to provide necessary for the operation of the circuit. For this purpose, we used energy sources such as voltage sources and current sources. The energy sources are the active circuit elements, i.e. these elements can provide power or power gain in the circuit. In this article, we will discuss what a voltage source is, and different types of voltage sources. What is a Voltage Source? A voltage source is an electric circuit component that is used to create a potential different between two points in an electric circuit. It is basically an active ... Read More

A sinusoidal wave signal is a type of periodic signal that oscillates (moves up and down), periodically. The geometrical waveform of a sinusoidal signal forms an S-shape wave in one complete cycle. A sinusoidal can be a sine functioned signal or cosine functioned signal. Thus, a sinusoidal signal can be defined as, $$\mathrm{y=sin\, x}$$ $$\mathrm{y=cos\, x}$$ Both sine and cosine signals are the types of sinusoidal wave signals. But, the cosine signal is advanced with respect to the sine signal by 90° in time. The sinusoidal wave signal has a smooth wave that oscillates above and below zero and used ... Read More

What is a Bleeder Resistor? In electronic circuits, a resistor which is connected in parallel with the output of a high voltage power supply for discharging the filter capacitors of the power supply when the circuit is turned off is referred to as a bleeder resistor. It is also known as a leakage resistor or capacitor discharge resistor or safety discharge resistor. The bleeder resistor is primarily used for safety reasons because it eliminates the possibility of a left over charge that may cause an electric shock. Generally, a bleeder resistor is a standard resistor instead of a specialized ... Read More