Python is a scripting language while C is a programming language. C/C++ is relatively fast as compared to Python because when you run the Python script, its interpreter will interpret the script line by line and generate output but in C, the compiler will first compile it and generate an output which is optimized with respect to the hardware. In case of other languages such as Java and.NET, Java bytecode, and .NET bytecode respectively run faster than Python because a JIT compiler compiles bytecode to native code at runtime. CPython cannot have a JIT compiler because the dynamic nature of ... Read More

The IB (Intelligence Bureau) which is the premier intelligence services department of the Government of India has identified a number of mobile apps including many that are developed by Chinese companies. Here's a list of 28 apps that the Digital IT Cell of the Government of India has identified as spyware and malware - Weibo, Wechat, Shareit, Truecaller, UC News, UC Browser, Beautiplus, Newsdog, Viva Video - Qu Video Inc, Parallel Space, Apus Browser, Perfect Corp, Virus Cleaner - Hi Security Lab, CM Browser, MI Community, DU Recorder, Vault Hide - NQ Mobile Security, Youcam Makeup, MI Store, Cachecleaner DU ... Read More

When you develop a web application, before hosting to the web, testing is very important to prevent the hackers. There are three types of tests, Black, gray and white box tests which are conducted to ensure that an attacker cannot reach your application code.White Box (or glass box) testingWhite Box (or glass box) testing is the process of giving input code to the system and checking how the system processes it how the output is generated using that code. This is the test where the team tests the internal logic of the code written.It is the process of checking how ... Read More

The 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Intel in 1977 using NMOS technology that can address 64K Byte of memory. It has 40 pins DIP (Dual Inline Package) IC.In bellow fig, the pin number, and its associated functions are indicated for each of the 40 pins:Data pinsAD7-0 are known as data pins and carries lower order address bits of memory and  I/O Address. These pins are bi-directional pins. The same lines are used for both receiving information and sending out information because, at any instant of time, the processor is either receiving or sending out information, but not both.Address pinsA15-8 ... Read More

The sign-magnitude binary format is the simplest conceptual format. In this method of representing signed numbers, the most significant digit (MSD) takes on extra meaning.If the MSD is a 0, we can evaluate the number just as we would any normal unsigned integer. And also we shall treat the number as a positive one.If the MSD is a 1, this indicates that the number is negative.The other bits indicate the magnitude (absolute value) of the number. Some of the signed decimal numbers and their equivalent in SM notation follows assuming a word size of 4 bits.Signed decimalsign-magnitude     +6   0110    ... Read More

Signed integers are numbers with a “+” or “-“ sign. If n bits are used to represent a signed binary integer number, then out of n bits, 1 bit will be used to represent a sign of the number and rest (n - 1)bits will be utilized to represent magnitude part of the number itself.A real-life example is the list of temperatures (correct to nearest digit) in various cities of the world. Obviously they are signed integers like +34, -15, -23, and +17. These numbers along with their sign have to be represented in a computer using only binary notation ... Read More

Unsigned binary integers are numbers without any ‘+’or ‘-’ sign. Here all bits representing the number will represent the magnitude part of the number only. No bits will remain reserved for sign bit representation. An unsigned binary integer is a fixed-point system with no fractional digits.Some real life Examples are −Number of tables in a class, The number of a member of a family.Obviously, they are unsigned integers like 10 and 5. These numbers have to be represented in a computer using only binary notation or using bits.Numbers are represented in a computer using a fixed size, like 4, 8, ... Read More

In this section, we will see how to connect a stepper motor with Intel 8051 Microcontroller. Before discussing the interfacing techniques, we will see what are the stepper motors and how they work.Stepper MotorStepper motors are used to translate electrical pulses into mechanical movements. In some disk drives, dot matrix printers, and some other different places the stepper motors are used. The main advantage of using the stepper motor is the position control. Stepper motors generally have a permanent magnet shaft (rotor), and it is surrounded by a stator. Normal motor shafts can move freely but the stepper motor shafts move ... Read More

In this article, we'll discuss how to call the main() function in a C program. The main() function is the starting point and runs automatically when the program begins. However, there may be situations where you need to call it from other parts of your code. We'll explain how this works. We'll also cover recursion in the main() function and different ways to call main() within a C program. What is the Main Function? In C, the main() function is a special function that acts as the starting point of the program. Every C program must have one main ... Read More

In this section we will see how DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) using Intel 8051 Microcontroller. We will also see the sinewave generation using DAC.The Digital to Analog converter (DAC) is a device, that is widely used for converting digital pulses to analog signals. There are two methods of converting digital signals to analog signals. These two methods are binary weighted method and R/2R ladder method. In this article we will use the MC1408 (DAC0808) Digital to Analog Converter. This chip uses R/2R ladder method. This method can achieve a much higher degree of precision. DACs are judged by its ... Read More