Introduction A key principle of distributed systems is mutual exclusion, which prevents simultaneous operations or node locations from concurrently using common assets or crucial areas. When various procedures attempt to gain access to an identical asset at once, disputes, racial conditions, and discrepancies may result. Due to the absence of storage and the possibility of connection interruptions, errors, and node-to-node difficulties with communication and mutual exclusion turns more difficult in distributed systems. For achieving mutual exclusion in distributed systems, many techniques and procedures were established. In this article, we will be exploring the two main approaches, the various types, ... Read More

Introduction In multitasking programming, mutex locks, also referred to as mutual exclusion locks, are synchronization basic functions used to prevent simultaneous possession of resources that are shared by numerous threads or procedures. The word "mutex" means "mutual exclusion." In this article, we will be exploring the components, types with examples, use cases, and implemented examples for Mutex Locks. What are Mutex Locks? A mutex lock makes it possible to implement mutual exclusion by limiting the number of threads or processes that can simultaneously acquire the lock. A single thread or procedure has to first try to obtain the mutex ... Read More

There are two methods for creating systems of computers with multiple processors or processor cores: multiprocessor organization and multicore organization. Both strategies aim to boost a computer's processing power by enabling it to handle several tasks at once. Several separate processors linked by a communication network make up a multiprocessor system in most cases. Each processor can carry out a unique set of instructions and has a separate local memory. The throughput of the entire system can be increased by these processors working on several tasks concurrently. In this article, we will explore Multiprocessor and Multicore Organization, their use cases, ... Read More

Markdown is a popular lightweight markup language that allows users to write using an easy−to−read and easy−to−write plain text format, which can then be converted into HTML or other formats. In essence, it simplifies the process of structuring and formatting text. GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) is a variant of Markdown used by GitHub, incorporating additional features that help developers to document their work. In this article, we're going to delve into how to work with GitHub Flavored Markdown on a Linux system, with practical examples and their output. Basics of GitHub Flavored Markdown Let's start with the basics of GFM. ... Read More

Ansible is a widely−used open−source tool that helps in automating software provisioning, configuration management, and application deployment. One of its powerful features is the ability to use variables and facts, which can simplify your playbooks and tasks, and allow you to design more dynamic, flexible, and reusable automation scripts. In this article, we'll dive into how to work with Ansible variables and facts, showcasing several examples and their corresponding output. Understanding Ansible Variables Variables in Ansible allow for the storage and manipulation of values, which can be utilized across multiple tasks or even different playbooks. Variables can be defined in ... Read More

Paging enables the operating system to deallocate and allocate memory as necessary without worrying about the memory's physical location. Operating systems employ paging as a memory management strategy to efficiently use the memory resources at their disposal. It makes it possible for the operating system to divide memory into discrete, compact fixed-size "pages, " which are then utilized to store information and code. The ability to let programs use more memory than is actually available is one of the key justifications for employing paging. This is made feasible by the operating system's ability to swap out unwanted memory pages ... Read More

Introduction In Linux, mutex locks are used for thread synchronization, allowing threads to safely access shared resources and avoid data races. A mutex, short for mutual exclusion, ensures that only one thread can acquire the lock at a time, preventing concurrent access to the critical section. In this article, we will be talking about the use cases, components, and examples of Mutex lock for Linux Thread Synchronization. Why do we need Mutex lock for Linux Thread Synchronization? When utilizing mutex locks over thread synchronization, the mutex must first be initialized before the crucial phase is executed, then a ... Read More

Introduction An OS that can manage numerous duties or procedures at once is known as a multitasking operating system. In simple terms, it enables the simultaneous operation of numerous programs or procedures while allocating a specific amount of memory and central processing time to each process. Every task's distribution of resources is controlled by the operating system's kernel, which also ensures that no tasks conflict with one another. Additionally, it offers a way to move among duties rapidly, giving the impression that every process is active at once. Contemporary systems for computing, which include personal computers, laptops, computer systems, and ... Read More

To increase the system's overall performance, numerous processors or cores are frequently used in modern computer systems. The operating system must be able to effectively schedule processes to execute on various processors, though, in order to make the best use of these resources. Multiple processor scheduling involves deciding which processes should be assigned to which processor or core and how long they should be permitted to run. While ensuring that all processes are fairly and appropriately prioritized, the objective is to achieve efficient utilization of the available processors. In this article, we will be discussing Multiple Processor Scheduling, the various ... Read More

Introduction CPU scheduling with multilevel queues (MLQ) is a scheduling technique implemented in Linux and Windows to arrange procedures over the carrying out on a system's CPU. MLQ divides procedures through numerous waiting lists, each of which has a distinct level of priority. Every queue might come with its own scheduling algorithm, which allows the OS to prioritize various kinds of methods in various ways. There are several ways for executing the MLQ scheduling algorithm. A commonly used approach is to separate procedures into two separate waiting lists, resulting in the forefront queue getting more priority compared to the background ... Read More