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Introduction TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are two of most commonly used internet protocols. They are both responsible for ensuring reliable data transfer between devices connected to a network. However, way they do so differs significantly. In this article, we will discuss some examples of TCP and UDP in real life applications. TCP in Real Life TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that is commonly used when reliability is primary concern. It is responsible for establishing a reliable and ordered data transfer between two devices. Some examples of TCP in real life applications are as follows − ... Read More
Introduction Human beings are social animals. They have always found ways to communicate and connect with each other. From ancient times, people used various forms of communication like writing, oral communication, and visual arts to convey their messages to others. With advent of technology, communication has become faster, easier, and more efficient. This led to development of networks that connected people across world. In this article, we will explore evolution of networks from ancient times to modern era. Ancient Networks Ancient networks were primarily based on oral communication and visual arts. In ancient civilizations like Sumerians, Egyptians, and Greeks, people ... Read More
With the use of macros, Microsoft Excel is a strong tool that lets users automate monotonous activities. Macros are sets of instructions that can be written or recorded to carry out a particular set of tasks. Some duties, however, must be performed on a regular basis. Consider a task that must be completed every 30 minutes, such as updating a dashboard or retrieving data from a web source. This tutorial will show you how to set up an Excel macro to run automatically at predetermined times. By the time you've finished reading this manual, you'll be able to loop your ... Read More
Working with huge datasets in Excel has you continuously scrolling back up to check column headers? Do you find it difficult to remember which columns contain what data as you scroll down the rows? We have a solution for you, so don't be afraid! This lesson will walk you through the process of having Excel repeat the header row every nth row, which will make it simpler to navigate your data and keep context. In Excel, the heading row typically contains labels that describe the contents of each column. When working with lengthy datasets, the column headers may become invisible ... Read More
Introduction Distributed computing systems refer to a network of interconnected devices that share resources and work together to achieve a common goal. evolution of distributed computing systems has been rapid, and it has transformed way we use technology in our daily lives. From simple file sharing systems to advanced cloud computing, distributed computing systems have come a long way. In this article, we will discuss evolution of distributed computing systems and explore some of examples. Early Days of Distributed Computing The early days of distributed computing can be traced back to 1960s, where researchers began experimenting with idea of sharing ... Read More
Introduction Distributed systems have become an integral part of our modern-day technological infrastructure. They have made it possible to deliver services at scale, provide better resilience, and enable better fault tolerance. However, designing distributed systems is a challenging task, and one of most significant challenges is maintaining ordering of events in system. This article will discuss event ordering in distributed systems and provide examples of different techniques used to achieve it. Event Ordering Event ordering is essential in distributed systems because it determines order in which events occur. In a distributed system, events can happen concurrently on different nodes, and ... Read More
Introduction Ethernet is most popular local area network (LAN) technology, which enables transfer of data packets between different devices such as computers, routers, and switches. Ethernet uses a variety of protocols to transmit data packets over a network. One of crucial protocols is Ethernet transmitter algorithm, which governs way data is transmitted over Ethernet network. In this article, we will discuss Ethernet transmitter algorithm, its subheadings, and examples. Overview of Ethernet Transmitter Algorithm The Ethernet transmitter algorithm is a set of rules that governs transmission of data packets over an Ethernet network. algorithm ensures that data packets are transmitted in ... Read More
Ethernet is a widely used local area networking technology that enables devices to communicate with each other. Ethernet frames are basic units of data that are transmitted over Ethernet network. In this article, we will explore Ethernet frame format in detail, including various fields that make up frame and purpose of each field. Introduction to Ethernet Frames An Ethernet frame is a packet of data that is transmitted over an Ethernet network. frame is composed of a header, a payload, and a trailer. header and trailer contain information about frame, such as source and destination addresses, while payload contains actual ... Read More
The header row appearing at the top of each page, whether you are generating a financial report, an inventory list, or a professional spreadsheet, guarantees that your data remains well-organized and simple to interpret. This feature enables users to rapidly identify column information without continually scrolling back to the first page, which is very helpful when working with huge datasets that cover numerous pages. We will lead you through the basic steps to set up a repeating header row in Excel in this in-depth manual. The training is set out to suit users of all skill levels, from newcomers ... Read More
Large Excel worksheets that cover several pages might occasionally make it difficult to navigate the printed document. Important information in the first column may be lost or difficult to find on successive pages in cases where the material is large. Excel offers a potent function called "Print Titles" that enables you to repeat particular rows or columns on every printed page in order to allay this worry and improve the readability of your printed Excel projects. In this video, we'll walk you through each step of how to print Microsoft Excel such that the first column appears on every page. ... Read More