Introduction Distributed computing systems refer to a network of interconnected devices that share resources and work together to achieve a common goal. evolution of distributed computing systems has been rapid, and it has transformed way we use technology in our daily lives. From simple file sharing systems to advanced cloud computing, distributed computing systems have come a long way. In this article, we will discuss evolution of distributed computing systems and explore some of examples. Early Days of Distributed Computing The early days of distributed computing can be traced back to 1960s, where researchers began experimenting with idea of sharing ... Read More
Introduction Distributed systems have become an integral part of our modern-day technological infrastructure. They have made it possible to deliver services at scale, provide better resilience, and enable better fault tolerance. However, designing distributed systems is a challenging task, and one of most significant challenges is maintaining ordering of events in system. This article will discuss event ordering in distributed systems and provide examples of different techniques used to achieve it. Event Ordering Event ordering is essential in distributed systems because it determines order in which events occur. In a distributed system, events can happen concurrently on different nodes, and ... Read More
Introduction Ethernet is most popular local area network (LAN) technology, which enables transfer of data packets between different devices such as computers, routers, and switches. Ethernet uses a variety of protocols to transmit data packets over a network. One of crucial protocols is Ethernet transmitter algorithm, which governs way data is transmitted over Ethernet network. In this article, we will discuss Ethernet transmitter algorithm, its subheadings, and examples. Overview of Ethernet Transmitter Algorithm The Ethernet transmitter algorithm is a set of rules that governs transmission of data packets over an Ethernet network. algorithm ensures that data packets are transmitted in ... Read More
Ethernet is a widely used local area networking technology that enables devices to communicate with each other. Ethernet frames are basic units of data that are transmitted over Ethernet network. In this article, we will explore Ethernet frame format in detail, including various fields that make up frame and purpose of each field. Introduction to Ethernet Frames An Ethernet frame is a packet of data that is transmitted over an Ethernet network. frame is composed of a header, a payload, and a trailer. header and trailer contain information about frame, such as source and destination addresses, while payload contains actual ... Read More
The header row appearing at the top of each page, whether you are generating a financial report, an inventory list, or a professional spreadsheet, guarantees that your data remains well-organized and simple to interpret. This feature enables users to rapidly identify column information without continually scrolling back to the first page, which is very helpful when working with huge datasets that cover numerous pages. We will lead you through the basic steps to set up a repeating header row in Excel in this in-depth manual. The training is set out to suit users of all skill levels, from newcomers ... Read More
Large Excel worksheets that cover several pages might occasionally make it difficult to navigate the printed document. Important information in the first column may be lost or difficult to find on successive pages in cases where the material is large. Excel offers a potent function called "Print Titles" that enables you to repeat particular rows or columns on every printed page in order to allay this worry and improve the readability of your printed Excel projects. In this video, we'll walk you through each step of how to print Microsoft Excel such that the first column appears on every page. ... Read More
Introduction In modern computer networks, high availability and increased bandwidth are essential requirements. EtherChannel is a link aggregation technique used to combine multiple physical links into one logical link. This article explains concept of EtherChannel, its benefits, and how it works. What is EtherChannel? EtherChannel is a link aggregation technique used in computer networks to combine multiple physical links into a logical link. goal is to increase available bandwidth and provide redundancy, fault tolerance, and load balancing. In an EtherChannel, multiple physical links are bundled together, appearing as a single logical link to network devices connected to it. Benefits of ... Read More
Excel is a strong programme with a variety of functions that make manipulating and analysing data simple. Repeating a certain cell value several times in a column is a typical need. This tutorial will walk you through the step-by-step method of efficiently accomplishing this work, regardless of whether you want to generate test data, develop templates, or simply replicate data. Whether you're a novice or a seasoned Excel user, you'll find this tutorial to be simple to read and full of helpful advice. Make sure you have a basic understanding of Excel's interface and features before we start. Since the ... Read More
Introduction Information security is an essential aspect of modern-day technology, and it's vital to understand various threats that can compromise sensitive data. Two of most common types of attacks that can occur are active and passive attacks. In this article, we'll explore differences between active and passive attacks, methods used by hackers, and ways to protect against these types of threats. What is an Active Attack? An active attack occurs when a hacker attempts to alter or manipulate data in a system. This type of attack can be easily identified as it typically involves an attacker trying to perform some ... Read More
This practical tip can be used to format data, establish patterns, or simply add some visual components to your spreadsheets. There isn't a simple formula or function in Excel that lets you specify how many times a character should appear in a cell. However, we can easily complete this task using a creative mix of already-existing functions. In this step-by-step tutorial, we'll use a straightforward example to show you how to repeat a character in a cell. Whether you are a novice or a seasoned Excel user, this course will accommodate all skill levels. Let's get started and discover how ... Read More
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