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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
Difference Between Virtual and Physical Addresses
Modern computing systems rely on computer memory to store data and instructions that the processor executes. Programs access memory using addresses that identify specific data locations. Two fundamental types of memory addresses exist: physical addresses and virtual addresses. Physical addresses point directly to specific locations in physical memory, while virtual addresses are logical addresses that the operating system maps to physical addresses. This mapping enables memory protection between processes and allows systems to use more memory than is physically available. Virtual to Physical Address Translation Virtual Address ...
Read MoreWhat are the Gateways in Computer Networks?
A gateway in computer networks is a device that connects and enables communication between two or more networks that use different protocols, architectures, or data formats. Unlike routers that operate at the network layer, gateways can function across all layers of the OSI model, from the physical layer up to the application layer. The primary function of a gateway is to perform protocol conversion, translating data packets from one network protocol to another. This makes it possible for networks using different communication standards to exchange information seamlessly. Gateway Connecting Different Network Protocols ...
Read MoreFiber Optics vs Satellites
Fiber optic communications and satellite communications are complementary to each other. Their properties are very different from one another and consequently their usage varies. Fiber Optics vs Satellites Satellite Communication ✓ Remote areas ✓ Broadcasting ✓ Mobile communication ...
Read MoreHow to set up and use a proxy server?
In today's digital landscape, internet privacy and security have become paramount concerns. A proxy server serves as an intermediary between your device and the internet, providing enhanced security, privacy, and access to restricted content. When you make a web request, it first goes through the proxy server, which then forwards it to the destination website. The response follows the same path back to your device. This process masks your real IP address and provides several security and functional benefits. How Proxy Server Works ...
Read MoreTelecom Networks
Telecom networks form the backbone of modern communication, enabling the exchange of voice, data, and video signals across vast distances. These networks comprise interconnected hardware and software components that facilitate real-time communication between devices worldwide, from simple phone calls to complex internet services. Telecommunications has evolved from basic telegraph systems to sophisticated digital networks that support billions of connected devices, fundamentally transforming how we communicate, work, and access information. What are Telecom Networks? A telecom network is a comprehensive infrastructure system that enables communication between devices over long distances. It consists of transmission media (cables, radio waves), ...
Read MoreWhat is Authentication Header (AH) format?
Authentication Header (AH) is a security protocol used in IPSec to provide data integrity, authentication, and replay protection to IP datagrams. The services are connectionless, meaning they work on a per-packet basis without maintaining connection state. AH operates in two modes: transport mode (protecting payload only) and tunnel mode (protecting the entire original IP packet). However, AH cannot protect certain IP header fields that change during transit, called mutable fields. Mutable IPv4 Fields The following IPv4 header fields are considered mutable and are not protected by AH: Type of Service (TOS) − Can be modified ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between Software Encryption and Hardware Encryption?
Encryption is the process of converting readable data into an unreadable format to protect it from unauthorized access. There are two primary approaches to encryption: hardware encryption and software encryption. Each method has distinct characteristics, advantages, and use cases that make them suitable for different scenarios. Hardware Encryption Hardware encryption uses dedicated physical components to encrypt information. A separate processor is dedicated to the function of authentication and encryption and is provided with a random number generator. Hardware encryption is self-contained within the device itself and doesn't need any extra software. This can be established on external ...
Read MoreDifference between IP Address and MAC Address
Both MAC Address and IP Address are used to identify a computer on a network or on the Internet. MAC address is provided by the NIC Card's manufacturer and gives the physical address of a computer. IP address is provided by the Internet Service Provider and is called the logical address of a computer connected on a network. Understanding the distinction between these two addressing schemes is crucial for network administration and troubleshooting. What is an IP Address? An IP (Internet Protocol) Address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to every device connected to a network that ...
Read MoreTELNET and SSH on Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA)
In today's world where cyber attacks are becoming more frequent and complex, network security is a top priority for businesses. One of the most common ways to manage network security is through the use of firewalls, with Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) being one of the most popular firewalls used in enterprise networks. In this article, we will focus on two protocols that are commonly used to manage ASA: TELNET and SSH. Definition of TELNET and SSH TELNET (TErminal NETwork) is a protocol used for remote access to devices over a network. It allows users to connect to ...
Read MoreDifference Between Virtual Machines and Containers
Virtual Machines (VMs) and containers are both popular technologies used in modern computing environments to enhance application deployment, isolation, and scalability. While they serve similar purposes, there are fundamental differences in their architecture and resource utilization. Virtual Machines vs Containers Architecture Virtual Machines App App Guest OS Hypervisor Host OS Containers App ...
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