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Virtual Machines (VMs) and containers are both popular technologies used in modern computing environments to enhance application deployment, isolation, and scalability. While they serve similar purposes, there are fundamental differences between the two. What are Virtual Machines? A virtual machine (VM) is an emulation of a computer system that operates and runs applications as if it were a physical machine. It is created using virtualization software, which allows multiple operating systems (OS) to run simultaneously on a single physical server or computer. Here are some key characteristics and differences of virtual machines − Resource Isolation − Virtual machines provide strong isolation ... Read More
Introduction The means of two groups are compared in statistics to see if they differ substantially from one another using a two-sample t-test. The test is frequently employed in scientific studies to ascertain whether two groups differ significantly on the basis of a continuous variable. In this article, we'll look at how to use Python's scipy.stats module to perform a two-sample t-test. Conducting a Two Sample T-Test Let's first understand the theory underlying the two-sample t-test before moving on to the implementation. The test assumes that the two sample populations are normally distributed with similar variances. The two groups' means ... Read More
Modern computing systems' primary building block is computer memory. It keeps track of the information and commands that the processor is currently executing. An address, which identifies the location of the data in memory, is used by programmes to access memory. Physical addresses and virtual addresses are two different kinds of memory addresses used in computing. Virtual addresses are mapped to physical addresses by the operating system, whereas physical addresses point to a specific physical location in memory. Virtual addressing shields the memory of one process from being accessed by another and enables the computer to utilise more memory ... Read More
Introduction One Sample T-Test is a statistical hypothesis test used to determine whether a population mean is significantly different from a hypothesised value. Python gives us the resources we need to carry out this test. In this article, we will walk through how to conduct a One Sample T-Test in Python using the SciPy library. Conducting a One Sample T-Test The first step in conducting a One Sample T-Test is to state the null and alternative hypotheses. The null hypothesis is the assumption that the population mean is equal to the hypothesized value. The alternative hypothesis is the opposite of ... Read More
Operating systems serve as the foundation for computer systems, enabling users to interact with hardware, run applications, and manage files. Two prominent operating systems in the computing world are UNIX and Windows. UNIX, initially developed in the 1960s, focuses on stability, security, and flexibility, while Windows, introduced by Microsoft in the 1980s, emphasizes user-friendly interfaces, compatibility, and extensive software support. Understanding the differences between these operating systems can shed light on their respective strengths and help users choose the most suitable platform for their needs. UNIX Operating System UNIX is a powerful and versatile operating system that has been around ... Read More
Introduction Reinforcement learning is a sort of artificial intelligence where an agent learns to make decisions by interacting with its environment. The agent gains knowledge by receiving rewards or punishments as feedback for its actions. There are countless uses for reinforcement learning, including in robotics, video games, and self-driving vehicles. The theories and practices that underlie reinforcement learning will be in-deathly examined in this article. The ability to make the best decisions is a vital trait in multiplayer games that can impact the result of a match. Multiplayer games feature player involvement, which complicates the decision-making process more than single-player ... Read More
Operating systems play a vital role in managing computer resources and providing a platform for executing programs. Two common types of operating systems are Time Sharing Operating Systems and Multiprogramming Operating Systems. While both aim to improve resource utilization and user experience, they differ in their approach to achieving these goals. Time Sharing Operating Systems Time Sharing Operating Systems (TSOS) focus on providing an interactive computing environment where multiple users can simultaneously access the system and share its resources. TSOS achieves this by rapidly switching between different user programs, giving each user the illusion of having dedicated access to the ... Read More
In the world of computers and operating systems, there are several terms related to the interaction between users and the underlying system. This includes terminal, console, shell, and command line. While they are often used interchangeably, they have distinct meanings and serve different purposes. Let's explore each term separately to understand their differences. What is a Terminal? A terminal refers to a device or a program that provides a user interface for interacting with the computer system. In the past, it referred to physical devices such as teletypewriters or computer monitors connected to mainframe systems. Nowadays, terminal programs, also known ... Read More
Introduction An agent learns to make decisions by interacting with its surroundings in a type of machine learning known as reinforcement learning. By getting feedback for its activities in the form of incentives or penalties, the agent learns. Robotics, video games, and self-driving cars are just a few examples of the many applications for reinforcement learning. We will thoroughly examine the theories and methods underlying reinforcement learning in this article. Propositional Logic based Agent: A Comprehensive Overview Throughout the last few decades, the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced significant advancement. Scientists and researchers are developing a variety of ... Read More
Scheduling algorithms play a crucial role in managing the execution of tasks in operating systems and real-time systems. Two common scheduling approaches are table-driven scheduling and cyclic scheduling. These approaches have distinct characteristics and are suitable for different types of systems and scheduling requirements. What is Table-driven Scheduling? Table-driven scheduling, also known as static scheduling, involves creating a predefined table that specifies the execution order and time requirements for each task or process. The table contains a schedule for the entire duration of the system's operation. The scheduler follows the table to determine which task should execute at a given ... Read More