# Design a TM that increments a binary number by 1

Data Structure AlgorithmsComputer ScienceComputers

Turing’s machine is more powerful than both finite automata and pushdown automata. These machines are as powerful as any computer we have ever built.

## Formal Definition of Turing Machine

A Turing machine can be formally described as seven tuples

(Q,X, Σ,δ,q0,B,F)

Where,

• Q is a finite set of states.

• X is the tape alphabet

• Σ is the input alphabet

• δ is a transition function: δ:QxX→QxXx{left shift, right shift}

• q0 is the initial state

• B is the blank symbol

• F is the final state.

A Turing Machine (TM) is a mathematical model which consists of an infinite length tape divided into cells on which input is given. It consists of a head which reads the input tape. A state register stores the state of the Turing machine.

After reading an input symbol, it is replaced with another symbol, its internal state is changed, and it moves from one cell to the right or left. If the TM reaches the final state, the input string is accepted, otherwise the string is rejected.

The Turing machine has a read/write head. So, we can write on the tape.

## Algorithm

• Replace the trailing 1‟s to 0.

• Replace the first „0‟ from the right end by 1.

## Example

Binary increment means adding 1 to the given input.

Input - 0111

Output - 1000

Input - 10000

Output - 10001

The Turing Machine that increments a binary number by 1 is as follows −

Published on 14-Jun-2021 16:06:47