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CSS Data Type - <calc-sum>
CSS <calc-sum> data type defines an expression that allows you to perform calculations using any math function. The expression performs addition and subtraction of two values.
Possible Values
<calc-sum> type uses one of the following arithmetic operators between two numeric values.
+ Performs the addition operation on two numbers.
- Subtracts second number from the first one.
Syntax
calc() = + | -;
Points to be remembered
The operands in the expression can be any <length> syntax value. You can specify <length>, <frequency>, <angle>, <time>, <percentage>, <number>, or <integer>.
You can combine different units in one expression, such as subtracting px from %. For example, calc(50% - 30px) is valid.
Include CSS variables in your calculations, such as calc(20px + var(--variable)).
Add spaces around + and - operators. Valid expression - calc(40% - 30px), invlid expression - calc(40%-30px).
CSS cal() - Addition (+)
The following example demonstrates that the calc() function calculates the total height of an element by adding 20% of the height of an element and 50px −
<html> <head> <style> div { position: absolute; height: calc(20% + 50px); border: 2px solid blue; background-color: pink; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; } </style> </head> <body> <div>Addition opeartion calc(20% + 50px) on height.</div> </body> </html>
CSS cal() - Subtraction (-)
The following example demonstrates that the calc() function is used to calculate the total width, which in turn is calculated by subtracting 50% of the element width from 200px −
<html> <head> <style> div { position: absolute; width: calc(50% - 200px); border: 2px solid blue; background-color: pink; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; } </style> </head> <body> <div>Perform subtraction using calc(50% - 200px) function on width.</div> </body> </html>
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