Found 575 Articles for Physics

Introduction The product of a body's mass and its squared distance from its axis of rotation determines its moment of inertia. Using the center of mass (COM) as an example, the moment of inertia is a concept developed from the concept of COM. A centre of mass represents the imaginary point in a body where all the mass of the body is concentrated. When a body is inertial, it is incapable of changing its position or uniformity of motion on its own. Because it takes more energy to change the state of an object with a higher mass, it ... Read More

Introduction Angular acceleration is a concept of rotational dynamics just as acceleration is defined in the linear case. Physically, it describes the rate of change of angular velocity of a particle. Since rotational motion is performed about an axis or a point, angular acceleration has different values depending upon the choice of our origin. Angular acceleration may be caused by the application of an external torque, or it can be brought about due to changes in the configuration of a body without any external effects. A common example of the latter case is when a person sitting in a ... Read More

IntroductionBiconvex lens we see in a magnifying glass. You must have used a magnifying glass to read text that was too small. A magnifying glass is also the icon that is used in mobiles and apps when the “search” function is involved. Further, if people in your family wear glasses, you must have noticed that everyone wears a different type. For some people, the glasses are thin while for others, they are much thicker. Another interesting thing you must have noticed is that near-vision glasses show things bigger than they are, while far-vision glasses do the opposite. ... Read More

Introduction The liquid form of matter resides between both the solid and gas states. Liquids' properties are determined by their form, temperature variations, volume, and intermolecular attractions. There are 3 states of matter: gas, solid, plus liquid. Each form of matter has unique features. Liquid particles are less dense than solid particles but denser than gas particles. A liquid material switches and becomes a solid upon cooling, while a liquid material switches state and becomes a gas upon heating. What is the Liquid State? A liquid is a nearly incompressible substance that adapts to the form of its vessel while ... Read More

Introduction Ampere’s law placed a milestone for the development of Electrodynamics. Hans Oersted in 1920 performed a classic experiment with a compass needle and current carrying conductor. He observed that if there is no current in the wire then the compass needle always points towards the north pole. However, in the presence of current in the wire, the needle deflects in some direction. He found the direction of deflection is tangent to a circle i.e. Direction of magnetic field (Figure 1). Fig-1: Direction of Magnetic field around a Current Carrying Wire It established that current carrying wires produce ... Read More

Introduction Our universe is 13.8 billion years old, on average. The age of the earliest stars and the rate of the universe's expansion was calculated by scientists to arrive at that number. Edwin Hubble discovered in 1924 that the speed at which astronomical objects travel apart is a function of their separation. In other words, an item goes away from us more quickly the further it is from the Earth. As a result, Hubble's law was established, supporting the Big Bang Theory. A balloon experiment with several dots can help explain the Big Bang Theory. The dots' distances grow ... Read More

Introduction AC voltage is caused by an alternating current. The change in magnetic flux, when a current-carrying conductor is allowed to rotate in a magnetic field, induces an alternating voltage in the coil. This is known as induced electromotive force. The inductor is a coil of wire in which back emf is induced when an AC passes through it. This back emf produces a current which opposes the AC input. AC Voltage An alternating current (AC) is defined as an electric current that changes its direction as well as its magnitude regularly. Thus, AC voltage is the determination ... Read More

Introduction Bragg’s law is an important concept of atomic and molecular physics. You are already aware that atoms are the building blocks of this universe. They are the foundation of every bit of matter in this universe. But that is not all that we know about the microscopic world. Indeed, we have even managed to divide the atom into electrons, protons, and neutrons. If that is not enough to satisfy your curiosity, you should know that we even know about what “makes up” the electrons and nucleons. But I digress. For now, let us discuss how atoms are arranged. Inside ... Read More

Introduction Bridge is a structure that carries pathways, railroads, or other such things across an obstacle. But bridges themselves are much more intricate. Their beauty lies in the abilities granted to them by their design. Indeed, architects and engineers have now been able to design bridges without support in between, something people commonly referred to as a hanging bridge. While it will be difficult to engineer a complex design if you are in school, there are still various interesting ways for you to explore the world of bridges via DIY bridge projects. In this article, we will discuss a small ... Read More

Introduction Thermal energy or heat energy is transferred from one object to another. This may happen due to three different possibilities. They are conduction, convection, and radiation. In the conduction process, the energy is transferred from one object to another without the movement of the particles. In the convection process, the energy transfer happens with the movement of particles. In the radiation process, the energy is transferred through space as a wave. Radiation Radiation transfer is a process of transmission of energy from one object to another through the medium or space. It can be ionizing or non-ionizing, which ... Read More