Article Categories
- All Categories
-
Data Structure
-
Networking
-
RDBMS
-
Operating System
-
Java
-
MS Excel
-
iOS
-
HTML
-
CSS
-
Android
-
Python
-
C Programming
-
C++
-
C#
-
MongoDB
-
MySQL
-
Javascript
-
PHP
-
Economics & Finance
Computer Network Articles
Page 31 of 122
What is Broadcasting in Computer Network?
Broadcasting in computer network is a group communication method where a sender transmits data to multiple receivers simultaneously. This is an all-to-all communication model where each sending device transmits data to all other devices in the network domain. Broadcasting operates at different levels depending on the implementation: High-level operation − Broadcasting in applications like Message Passing Interface (MPI) Low-level networking operation − Broadcasting at the data link layer, such as Ethernet broadcasting Broadcasting in Computer Network ...
Read MoreOrganizationally Unique Identifier
An Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) is a 24-bit number assigned by the IEEE Registration Authority to manufacturers or vendors of network devices. These globally unique identifiers serve as the foundation for creating unique device addresses on computer networks. OUIs are primarily used to construct MAC addresses, which uniquely identify network interfaces. A MAC address consists of 6 octets (48 bits total), where the first three octets form the OUI, identifying the manufacturer, and the last three octets represent the device-specific identifier assigned by that manufacturer. OUI Structure and Format A 3-octet OUI is typically represented in hexadecimal ...
Read MoreLogical Link Control (LLC)
The Logical Link Control (LLC) is the upper sublayer of the data link layer in the OSI reference model. It acts as an interface between the network layer and the medium access control (MAC) sublayer of the data link layer. The LLC sublayer is primarily used for its multiplexing capabilities, allowing multiple network protocols to operate simultaneously within a multipoint network over the same network medium. LLC Layer in the OSI Model The data link layer is divided into two sublayers to handle different aspects of data transmission: Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer − ...
Read MoreEthernet Performance
Ethernet is a set of technologies and protocols that are used primarily in LANs. The performance of Ethernet is analyzed by computing the channel efficiency under different load conditions, particularly focusing on how stations contend for access to the shared medium. Channel Acquisition Probability Let us assume an Ethernet network has k stations and each station transmits with a probability p during a contention slot. Let A be the probability that some station successfully acquires the channel in a given slot: A = kp (1−p)^(k−1) The value of A is maximized when p = ...
Read MoreWhat is a Fourier Analysis?
Fourier analysis is a method of representing general functions by approximate sum of simple trigonometric functions. The method is named after mathematician Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier who formulated and proved the Fourier series. Fourier analysis is used in electronics, communications and acoustics. The Fourier series decomposes a periodic function as a sum of sine and cosine components as expressed below: g(t) = c + Σ[a_n sin(2πnft) + b_n cos(2πnft)] n=1 ∞ where, g(t) is the periodic function T is the time period f is the ...
Read MoreThe Maximum Data Rate of a Channel
Data rate refers to the speed of data transfer through a channel. It is generally computed in bits per second (bps). Higher data rates are expressed as Kbps ("Kilo" bits per second, i.e. 1000 bps), Mbps ("Mega" bits per second, i.e. 1000 Kbps), Gbps ("Giga" bits per second, i.e. 1000 Mbps) and Tbps ("Tera" bits per second, i.e. 1000 Gbps). One of the main objectives of data communications is to increase the data rate. There are three factors that determine the data rate of a channel: Bandwidth of the channel Number of levels of signals that are ...
Read MorePower line communications (PLC)
Power Line Communications (PLC) is a technology that enables data transmission over the same electrical conductors used for delivering electrical power. This innovative approach eliminates the need for separate communication cables by utilizing existing power infrastructure. PLCs operate by adding a modulated carrier signal to the power line, which is achieved by superimposing high-frequency data signals over the low-frequency power signal. While electrical power typically transmits at 50-60 Hz, data signals operate in the MHz frequency range, allowing both to coexist without interference. Power Line Communications are also referred to as power line carrier, power line digital subscriber ...
Read MoreWhat is 100Base-TX?
100BASE-TX is the technical name of Fast Ethernet over twisted pair cables. It is a predominant form of Fast Ethernet carrying data traffic at 100 Mbps (Mega bits per second) in local area networks (LAN). It was launched as the IEEE 802.3u standard in 1995. The name breakdown: 100 represents the maximum throughput of 100 Mbps, BASE denotes use of baseband transmission, and TX indicates the use of twisted pair cables in Fast Ethernet. 100BASE-TX Network Topology Fast Ethernet Switch ...
Read MoreWhat is 100Base-FX?
100BASE-FX is the technical name for Fast Ethernet over fiber optic cables. It is a version of Fast Ethernet carrying data traffic at 100 Mbps (megabits per second) in local area networks (LAN). It was launched as the IEEE 802.3u standard in 1995. Here, 100 represents the maximum throughput of 100 Mbps, BASE denotes use of baseband transmission, and FX indicates the use of optical fibers in Fast Ethernet. The 100BASE-FX Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer is defined by the Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) standard, providing a reliable foundation for high-speed data transmission over fiber optic networks. ...
Read MoreWhat is 100Base-T4?
100BASE-T4 is an early implementation of Fast Ethernet over twisted pair cables, carrying data traffic at 100 Mbps (Mega bits per second) in local area networks (LAN). It was launched as the IEEE 802.3u standard in 1995. Here, 100 represents the maximum throughput (100 Mbps), BASE denotes the use of baseband transmission, and T4 denotes the use of four twisted pair cables in Fast Ethernet. 100BASE-T4 Cable Configuration Device A Transmitter Device B Receiver Pair 1: ...
Read More