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With the modern traction equipment, fast trains can easily achieve the desired acceleration. However, if the stopping system or braking system of the trains fail, it will cause a great disaster. Therefore, braking system of trains is very important. In this article, let's understand how mechanical breaking differs from electric breaking and which one is more efficient.Mechanical BrakingMechanical brakes are applied by brake shoes which are pressed with force against the wheel of the train. In mechanical braking, the braking force is generally produced by means of piston-cylinder arrangement. The movement of the piston is transmitted to the brake shoes ... Read More
Internal Combustion Engine VehicleVehicles with an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) use fuel which combusts inside a combustion chamber with the help of an oxidizer (generally oxygen from air).Electric VehicleA type of vehicle that uses one or more electric motor for propulsion is known as electric vehicle (EV). In simple words, we can say the electric vehicles are the automobiles that are propelled by one or more electric motors using the energies stored in batteries.Comparison between IC Engine Vehicle and Electric VehicleThe following table highlights the points that differentiate an IC Engine Vehicle from an Electric Vehicle −Point of ComparisonInternal Combustion ... Read More
DC Traction SystemA traction system in which DC series motors are used for running the electric trains is known as DC traction system. The DC power to be fed to DC series motor is obtained from substations which are located at a distance of 3 to 5 km for urban and suburban heavy traffic and 15 to 30 km for main line service.AC Traction SystemA traction system in which AC motors (1-phase or 3-phase induction motors) are used for running the electric trains is known as AC traction system.In AC traction system, a high voltage is fed to the overhead ... Read More
What are Traction Systems?The word "traction" means the action of pulling an object over a surface, especially a road or track. The action of propelling vehicles by electric power derived from overhead wires, third rail, storage batteries or diesel generators mounted on the vehicles is known as electric traction. In simple words, the traction system which uses electric power for its operation is known as electric traction.The electric traction system is widely used in electric trains, tramcars, trolley buses and hybrid vehicles, etc.Traction systems can either be electric or non-electric depending on the type of source from where they draw ... Read More
A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) is a type of fluorescent lamp that has been compressed into the size of an ordinary incandescent lamp. It works on the principle of gas discharge, i.e., ionization of gas by the electric current.The modern CFL was invented by Edward E. Hammer in 1973.CFLs are the lamps of choice for those looking for an energy efficient alternative to incandescent lamps.CFLs consume very less power than an incandescent lamp.The increasing variety of shape and color and small size of CFL have made them more versatile and acceptable than the conventional long tube fluorescent lamps.Construction and Working ... Read More
Users generally sleep, hibernate or shut down their PC/laptop without having any clue what exactly these different terms denote. Here, you get clarity for these terms.Sleep ModeIf you leave your device on sleep mode, it allows you to work resume your work at the cost of some electricity as it moves to the low power state. It is also known popularly as Standby. As soon as you turn your device on, the whole device will snap back to life instantly. The files you left open will be taken care of automatically.HibernatePutting your laptop/PC on hibernate mode is more or less ... Read More
In this article, we will be exploring the event listeners and how to use them for pausing and playing a video. We will be using the mouse over and the mouseout events to control the video.The main element of this article includes playing the video whenever the mouse hovers over the video and stopping/pausing the video when the mouse is taken out of that div.For achieving this specific purpose, we will be using JavaScript that will record the events and play/pause the video.ApproachWe will attach a video to our HTML DOM element and then apply the mouse over and mouse ... Read More
A server ping can be defined as hitting a server and getting a response in return from that server. The idea is to send an echo message that will keep the health check and check whether the server is up and running or not. On sending a PING every server sends a PONG that shows that the server is active. Ping messages are sent by the ICMP (Internet Control Messaging Protocol). The lower the ping time the stronger the connection between the host and the server.ApproachWe can use a JavaScript function for sending the Ping messages to the server. In ... Read More
I am sure everyone has heard (or maybe said it themselves) someone utter the phrase computer illiteracy at some time. Usually, it is someone who is older that simply was not exposed to computers until recently. The term has been around since the 1970’s. It is a much more important term in today’s world. As computers become a bigger part of our lives, we need more and more skill to stay computer illiterate or we find life becoming harder than it needs to be.What is computer illiteracy?To understand the term computer illiteracy, you have to understand what it means to ... Read More
A local area network is a comparatively lesser and privately-owned network with the highest duration of 10km to support local connectivity within a building or limited geographical area.In private offices, this type of networking is trendy and effectively used. They are generally used to interface with personal computers and buildings, incorporate workplaces and industry to share resources and transfer data.The figure shows a LAN having computers from several departments like Sales, Finance, Production, Publication, etc.Features of LANLimited Geographic LimitsA LAN is constructed for a limited area. It usually traverses a single frequency workgroup floor in a building or on campus ... Read More