When a female child is born, her ovaries already contain thousands of immature eggs (or ova) contained in immature structures A. On maturing, A bursts open and an egg shoots out of the ovary in a process called B. The process B starts in the females at puberty and occurs again and again after a time period x. Before every occurrence of process B, the inner lining of uterus becomes thick and soft with lots of blood vessels in it. When the egg cells gets fertilised by a sperm, then an event C occurs in the life of mature human female which lasts for time period y leading to the birth of baby. If, however, the egg cell released by the ovary does not get a sperm to fuse with, then the thick and soft inner lining of uterus breaks down and comes out of the female's body in an event called D. The occurrence of event D is controlled by chemical substances E.
(a) What are A?
(b) What is process B?
(c) What is the time period x?
(d) Name the event C.
(e) How much is the time period y?
(f) What is the name of process D?
(g) Name the chemical substances E.

(a) In the ovary, thousands of immature eggs (or ova) contained in immature structures known as immature follicles.

(b) After maturation, the egg is released from the ovary through the process of ovulation.

(c) The ovulation process in the females after puberty and occurs repeatedly after every 28 days.

(d) When the egg cells get fertilised by a sperm, pregnancy occurs in the female.

(e) In the female, pregnancy lasts for the time period of 9 months which is known as the gestation period.

(f) When the egg cell does not get fused with sperm, then the thick and soft inner lining of the uterus breaks down and comes out of the female's body in an event known as menstruation.

(g) The chemical substances released during menstruation is hormone oestrogen.

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Updated on: 21-Mar-2023

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