When a fertilised egg E formed in the oviduct of a human female divides repeatedly to form an embryo, the embryo gets implanted in the thick and soft lining of the uterus. After this a disc-like special tissue T develops between the uterus wall and embryo through which all the requirements of the developing embryo (and foetus) are met from the mother's body. The embryo is connected to the tissue T through a string like structure S.
(a) What is the other name of fertilised egg cell E?
(b) What is the name of tissue T?
(c) Name the string-like structure S.
(d) Name two substances which pass from mother's blood to embryo through tissue T and, one type of substance which passes from embryo to mother's blood.
(e) What happens to S when the baby is born? Why?

(a) Another name of a fertilized egg is the zygote.

(b) Placenta is a disc-like special tissue that develops between the uterus wall and embryo.

(c) An embryo is connected to the placenta through a string like structure known as an umbilical cord.

(d) Nutrients and oxygen are the substances that pass from the mother's blood to embryo through the placenta and, carbon dioxide and other waste products are the substance that passes from embryo to mother's blood.

(e) When a baby is born, the umbilical cord remains attached to the baby. It flows out along with the baby. It is cut and tied to separate a baby from the mother's body.

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Updated on: 21-Mar-2023

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