(a) Give the electron configuration of magnesium and chlorine.
(b) Write the electron-dot structures of magnesium and chlorine atoms.
(c) Describe the formation of magnesium chloride from magnesium and chlorine by the transfer of electrons. (d) What type of chemical bonds are present in the magnesium chloride formed?
(e) Why do such compounds have high melting points?
(a) Magnesium has Atomic Number = 12. Its electronic configuration is 2,8,2.
Chlorine has Atomic Number = 17. Its electronic configuration is 2,8,7.
(b) The electron-dot structures of magnesium and chloride are given below:
(c) Magnesium Chloride is formed by the transfer of 2 electrons from the outer shell of the magnesium atom to two chlorine atoms.
(d) Ionic Bond is the type of chemical bonds are present in the magnesium chloride formed.
(e) Since the ionic bonds have a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the oppositely charged ions. Hence, a large amount of energy is needed to break the strong bonding force between ions. This is why ionic compounds have high melting points.
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