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Explain the underlying principle and working of an electric generator by drawing a labelled diagram. What is the function of brushes?
AC generator is a device that works on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
The principle of working of an electric generator is- When a straight wire is moved in the magnetic field, induced current flows in it.
The working of an electric generator can be described by the following steps.
1. As the rectangular loop of the current-carrying wire is moved in the magnetic field, induced current flows in them due to EMI.
2. As the rectangular loop of the current-carrying wire rotate sometimes upwards and sometimes downwards, the direction of current in the circuit gets changed.
3. When an arm moves up during half revolution, current flows in one particular direction, and when it moves down in another half revolution, current flows in another direction.
4. In this way, the rectangular loop of the wire keeps rotating.
Brushes - They are used to make contact with rotating spilled rings so as to supply current to the armature.
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