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Difference between MIG Welding and TIG Welding
Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding
The metal inert gas (MIG) welding is an electric arc welding process in which a continuous solid wire electrode is heated and fed into the weld pool from a welding gun. In case of MIG welding process, inert gas such as argon, helium, etc. is used as shielding gas to protect the weld pool from the atmospheric contamination.
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding
The tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is also an arc welding process in which the electric arc is struck between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the workpiece. TIG welding is also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). As the tungsten electrode is non-consumable, therefore some filter material is also supplied for welding.
Differences between MIG Welding and TIG Welding
The following table highlights the differences between MIG welding and TIG welding −
| MIG Welding | TIG Welding |
|---|---|
| Stands for Metal Inert Gas Welding. | It stands for Tungsten Inert Gas Welding. |
| A consumable electrode is used in the metal inert gas (MIG) welding process. | TIG welding uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode. |
| The electrodes itself acts as the filler material in MIG welding. | TIG welding requires additional filler material rod, as the tungsten electrode does not melt during welding process. |
| In case of MIG welding, the composition of the electrode metal is selected according to the base metal, i.e., the electrode material is usually similar to that of the base metal. | TIG Welding always uses an electrode made of tungsten. |
| MIG welding is a gas shielded metal arc welding, where, the shielding gas protects the weld pool from the atmospheric contamination. | TIG welding is a gas shielded tungsten arc welding. |
| MIG welding is suitable for homogeneous welding process. | TIG welding is suitable for autogenous welding process. Although, it can also be used for homogeneous welding by supplying additional filler. |
| In case of MIG welding, DC supply with reverse polarity is used. | TIG welding can used both AC and DC supply. |
| MIG welding process is comparatively faster than TIG Welding. | TIG welding is a slow welding process. |
| The filler deposition rate is very high in the case of MIG welding. | In TIG welding, the rate of filler deposition is low. |
| In MIG welding process, the electrode-cum-filler is fed continuously from a wire reel. | TIG welding does not require electrode feed, as it uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode. |
| MIG welding can be used for welding of metal sheets of thickness up to 40 mm. | TIG welding is limited to the metal sheet thickness about 5 mm. |
| Spatters are usually produced with the MIG welding. | TIG welding is free from spatters. |
| MIG welding is free from tungsten inclusion defects. | In TIG welding process, the tungsten inclusion defect may occur when a broken part of the tungsten electrode gets embedded into the weld bead. |
| The quality and appearance of the joint or weld made by the MIG welding is not very good. | TIG welding produces the weld bead of good quality and appearance. |
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