A regular expression is a pattern that could be matched against an input text. The .Net framework provides a regular expression engine that allows such matching. A pattern consists of one or more character literals, operators, or constructs.Here are basic pattern metacharacters used by RegEx −* = zero or more ... Read More

A message handler is a class that receives an HTTP request and returns an HTTP response. Message handlers derive from the abstract HttpMessageHandler class. Message handlers provide us the opportunity to process, edit, or decline an incoming request before it reaches the HttpControllerDispatcher.Message handlers are executed much earlier in the ... Read More

When the number of categories is large in numbers for a variable and we want to create a bar plot then the display of the bar plot becomes a little ambiguous because the bars are plotted very close to each other. To make the bars clearly visible, we can reduce ... Read More

When we find the summary statistics of a data frame then the output is returned as a table and each of the column records the minimum, first quartile, median, median, third quartile, and maximum with their names. If we want to save this summary as a data frame then it ... Read More

In data analysis, often we require to determine the minimum and maximum values because these values help us to understand the limits of a column or variable under consideration. This can be done by using which.max for maximum and which.min for minimum with single square brackets to extract the rows.ExampleConsider ... Read More

When we join or combine plots using grid.arrange the scales of the first plot comes in between as X-axis even if the independent variable in both of the plots is same.Therefore, we might want to remove the space between the plots while joining to get only one X-axis. This can ... Read More

When we create a plot in R and draw gridlines then the gridlines are drawn on the basis of the values provided inside the grid function, therefore, it may or may not match with the Y-axis labels. But it can be done, we just need to set the values inside ... Read More

Sometimes we need to create extra variable to add more information about the present data because it adds value. This is especially used while we do feature engineering. If we come to know about something that may affect our response then we prefer to use it as a variable in ... Read More

Often, we need to find the power of a value or the power of all values in an R vector, especially in cases when we are dealing with polynomial models. This can be done by using ^ sign as we do in Excel. For example, if we have a vector ... Read More

The default position of axes titles in any software or programming language for any 2D graph is bottom for X-axis and left for Y-axis but we might to change the position of these titles to top and right respectively. This can be done by using scale_x_continuous(position="top") and scale_y_continuous(position="right") functions of ... Read More