Suppose we have Roman literals; we have to convert them into an integer. As we know the Roman numerals represent in some different symbols as below −NumeralValueI1V5X10L50C100D500M1000If we see the roman numbers closely, it is like suppose the numeral is 'II', so this is 2, there are two 'I's are ... Read More

In this section we will see what is a graph data structure, and the traversal algorithms of it.The graph is one non-linear data structure. That is consists of some nodes and their connected edges. The edges may be director or undirected. This graph can be represented as G(V, E). The ... Read More

Here we will see the address registers of 8257 chip.Every DMA channel consists an address register and a count register. These registers are 16-bits wide in length. In each 16 bits there are four ARs marked as AR3-0. Apart from four CRs there are control and status registers also. They ... Read More

File allocation methods refer to the strategies employed by computer operating systems for the efficient distribution of storage space on disks or other storage media. Their main objective is to optimize the utilization of available space and minimize fragmentation, which can impede file access and decrease the overall performance of ... Read More

Disc scheduling is an important process in operating systems that determines the order in which disk access requests are serviced. The objective of disc scheduling is to minimize the time it takes to access data on the disk and to minimize the time it takes to complete a disk access ... Read More

As a computer user, you might have noticed that your computer's hard drive can become cluttered and slow over time. This is where disk management comes into play. Disk management is a process used by your computer's operating system to manage the storage of your data on your hard drive. ... Read More

An operating system is software that manages every single aspect of a computer so that it can function smoothly and properly. Because of this reason, the OS has to perform several tasks simultaneously. Doing simultaneous tasks isn’t really a problem for the OS but when this simultaneous task uses a ... Read More

In operating system, there are some common types of "stucking" situations. Among these, Deadlock, Starvation, and Livelock are three well-known terms. Deadlock, Starvation, and Livelock are related concepts in computer science that deal with synchronization issues in concurrent systems. Understanding these concepts is important for designing and implementing correct and ... Read More

In a computer system a deadlock is where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each process is waiting for the other to release a resource that it needs to continue execution. In other words, a deadlock occurs when two or more processes are in a circular wait ... Read More

Deadlock prevention and avoidance are crucial in operating systems because they help ensure that the system can continue to operate without being stuck in a deadlock. Deadlocks can cause a system-wide halt, leading to loss of data, system downtime, and reduced productivity. Therefore, it is essential to prevent or avoid ... Read More