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Found 874 articles
How to Test your Broadband Speed from Linux Terminal
Testing your broadband internet speed from the Linux terminal is useful for network diagnostics and monitoring. The speedtest-cli tool provides a command-line interface to test download/upload speeds using speedtest.net servers. Installing Python pip First, install Python pip which is required for installing speedtest-cli ? $ sudo apt-get install python-pip The output will show package dependencies being installed ? Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libbs2b0 libopusfile0 libqmmp-misc libqmmpui0 libsidplayfp linux-headers-4.2.0-27 linux-headers-4.2.0-27-generic linux-image-4.2.0-27-generic linux-image-extra-4.2.0-27-generic ...
Read MoreHow Web Works?
The World Wide Web (also known as the "web") is a global network of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. It is a platform that allows people to access and share information, communicate with one another, and conduct business online. The web is built on top of the Internet, which is a global network of computers that are connected to each other and can communicate with one another. The Internet allows computers to send and receive data, such as emails, files, and web pages, to and from one another. The web was invented in ...
Read MoreWhat is Webmail?
Webmail is a type of email service that allows users to access and manage their email messages through a web browser. Instead of using a dedicated email client like Microsoft Outlook or Apple Mail, users can log in to their email account using a web-based interface and perform tasks like reading and sending email, organizing messages into folders, and managing their contacts. Webmail is convenient because it can be accessed from any device with an internet connection and a web browser, without the need to install any software. This makes it particularly useful for users who need to access ...
Read MoreWorld Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international organization that develops standards for the World Wide Web. It was founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the Web, with the goal of ensuring that the Web remains a free and open platform for communication and innovation. The W3C works to develop and promote standards that ensure the long-term growth of the Web. It is made up of member organizations, including governments, companies, and research institutions, that contribute their expertise and resources to the development of Web standards. W3C Standards Development Process ...
Read MoreThe URL Schemes
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a string of characters that specifies the location of a resource on the internet. URL schemes define the protocol used to access different types of resources, determining how browsers and applications interact with various services. URL schemes follow the format scheme:// followed by the resource location. Each scheme has specific rules and behaviors for accessing its corresponding resource type. Common URL Schemes HTTP HTTPS FTP FILE ...
Read MoreThe 802.16 MAC Sublayer Frame Structure
The IEEE 802.16 set of standards lays down the specifications for wireless broadband technology. It has been commercialized as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) that is responsible for the delivery of last-mile wireless broadband access. The IEEE 802.16 MAC sublayer is the most important sublayer and concerned with channel management. It has been designed for connection-oriented channel management for point-to-multipoint (PMP) broadband services. Generic MAC Frame Structure The frame format of a generic MAC frame consists of multiple fields that control data transmission and ensure reliability: IEEE 802.16 Generic MAC Frame ...
Read MoreExplain the ATM Cell Structure in Computer Network
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) transfers data in fixed-size units called cells. Each cell consists of exactly 53 bytes: 5 bytes for the header containing routing and control information, and 48 bytes for the payload carrying user data. The fixed-size cell structure makes ATM particularly suitable for real-time applications like voice and video transmission, as it minimizes delays caused by waiting for large variable-length packets to be processed. ATM Cell Structure (53 Bytes) Header 5 Bytes Payload (User Data) 48 Bytes ...
Read MoreWhat is the Structure of Management Information (SMI)?
Structure of Management Information (SMI) defines the rules and standards for describing managed objects within the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) framework. SMI provides the syntactic structure that allows network management systems to organize, access, and manipulate network device information consistently. In SNMP, managed objects reside in a virtual database called the Management Information Base (MIB). Collections of related objects are organized into MIB modules, which are written using a subset of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). This notation describes data structures in a machine-independent language, enabling consistent communication across different network devices and platforms. SMI Data Types ...
Read MoreWhat are the types of Firewalls in Computer Network?
A firewall is a network security device that monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and permits or blocks data packets based on a set of security rules. Its purpose is to establish a barrier between your internal network and incoming traffic from external sources (such as the internet) to block malicious traffic such as viruses and hackers. There are various types of firewalls in a computer network, each designed to provide different levels of security and functionality: Packet Filtering Firewalls Packet filtering firewalls are the most basic type of firewall that operates at the network layer (Layer ...
Read MoreWhat are the FTP Connections?
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) uses two separate connections to facilitate communication between client and server. Understanding these connections is crucial for comprehending how FTP operates efficiently for file transfers. Control Connection The control connection is established first and remains active throughout the entire FTP session. This connection handles all commands and responses between the client and server. The establishment process involves two steps: The server issues a passive open on the well-known port 21 and waits for a client connection. The client uses an ephemeral port and issues an active open to ...
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