Let's start this article with a brief overview of basic flip-flops before moving onto discuss a special type of flip-flop called edge-triggered flip-flop, how it works, its types and applications. What is a Flip Flop? In digital electronics, a flip-flop (FF) is a sequential logic circuit which is used for storing 1-bit of information. As we know, in digital systems, information is represented in binary form, i.e. in terms of 0 and 1. Where, a binary 0 and a binary 1 is referred to as a bit. The flip flop is a 1-bit memory cell that stores information in terms ... Read More

In digital electronics, a set of flip-flops that changes its states in response to pulses applied at the input is called a digital counter. In the digital counter circuit, the flip flops are connected in such a way that their combined state at any time is the binary equivalent of the total number of pulses that have occurred up to that time. Therefore, as its name implies, a counter is used to count pulses in a digital system. Digital counters are classified into the following two types namely, Asynchronous Counter − The type of counter in which the flip ... Read More

What is SR Flip-Flop? SR flip-flop is a simple 1-bit storage element which has two inputs namely S and R, and two outputs, i.e. Q and Q'. Where, S specifies Set input and R specifies Reset input. The output Q is the normal output and the Q' is the complemented or inverted output. In addition to SR inputs, the SR flip flop also has a clock input which is used for triggering the circuit. The block diagram of SR flip flop is shown in Figure-1 below. The operation of the SR flip flop can be analyzed using its truth ... Read More

What is a JK Flip-Flop? JK flip flop is also a 1-bit storage device having two inputs similar to SR flip flop, but it has inputs denoted by J and K instead of S and R. It has two outputs viz. Q (normal output) and Q' (inverted output). The clock signal is used for synchronization of the circuit. The block diagram of the JK flip flop is shown in Figure-1 below. The operation of the JK flip flop can be understood with the help of its truth table which is given below − Inputs Output ... Read More

In digital electronics, a binary counter is a type of sequential logic circuit which is able to count in binary numbers. A binary counter can counter from 0 to 2(n-1), where n is the total number of bits in the counter. Basically, a binary counter is a type of digital circuit which counts the number of clock pulses that occur over a time period. The binary counters are built up of flip flops, where a flip flop is a most elementary memory element that can store 1-bit of information. In a binary counter, each flip flop represents one bit of ... Read More

Read this article to learn how you can implement a two-variable Boolean function using a 4:1 multiplexer. Let's start with a brief introduction of two-variable Boolean functions and multiplexers. What is a Two-Variable Boolean Function? A two variable Boolean function is a logical expression which has two input variables. Where, each variable can take either a binary 0 or a binary 1 as its value. A two variable Boolean function can have 4 possible combinations of variables, i.e. in SOP form, $\bar{A}\bar{B}, \bar{A} B, A \bar{B}, AB, $ with minterm designations m0, m1, m2, and m3. In POS form, $(A+B), ... Read More

A multiplexer or MUX is a combinational circuit that accepts several data inputs and allows only one of them to flow through the output line. Multiplexer (MUX) is also known as data selector because it selects one from many. A MUX consists of 2n data input lines, n select lines, and 1 output line. Since, it converts 2n input lines into 1 output line. Therefore, it is also called many-to-one device. Depending upon the number of input lines, there are several types of multiplexer present such as 2:1 MUX, 4:1 MUX, 8:1 MUX, etc. As this article is primarily meant ... Read More

A multiplexer or MUX is a combinational circuit that accepts several data inputs and allows only one of them to flow through the output line. Multiplexer (MUX) is also known as data selector because it selects one from many. A MUX consists of 2n data input lines, n select lines, and 1 output line. Since, it converts 2n input lines into 1 output line. Therefore, it is also called many-to-one device. Depending upon the number of input lines, there are several types of multiplexer present such as 2:1 MUX, 4:1 MUX, 8:1 MUX, etc. Since, this article is meant for ... Read More

Let' start this article with some basics of NOT gates and multiplexers. What is a Multiplexer? In digital electronics, a multiplexer or MUX is a combinational logic circuit which accepts several data inputs and allows only one of them at a time to flow through the output line. Multiplexer (MUX) is also known as data selector because it selects one from many. A multiplexer consists of 2n data input lines, n select lines, and 1 output line. Since, it converts 2n input lines into 1 output line. Therefore, it is also called many-to-one device. Depending upon the number of input ... Read More

A multiplexer (MUX) is a digital combinational logic circuit that accepts multiple data inputs and allows only one of them at a time to transmit over an output channel. A multiplexer consists of 2n input lines, n select lines, and one output line. In a multiplexer, the routing of the desired data input to the output channel is done by the logic level applied to the select lines. The functional block diagram of a multiplexer is shown in Figure-1. This article is primarily meant for explaining the design procedure of different types of multiplexer circuits. More specifically, here we ... Read More