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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
Differentiate between multiprogramming, multitasking and multiprocessing.
Multiprogramming, multitasking, and multiprocessing are fundamental concepts in operating systems that describe different ways of executing multiple programs or processes. While these terms are often confused, each represents a distinct approach to resource utilization and task execution. Multiprogramming Multiprogramming is the ability of an operating system to execute more than one program on a single processor machine. Multiple tasks or programs can reside in the main memory simultaneously, allowing the CPU to switch between them when one program is waiting for I/O operations. In multiprogramming, the CPU executes some part of one program, then switches to another ...
Read MoreHow does a process look like in memory?
A process is a program loaded into memory and executing. When a program is created, it exists as bytes stored on the hard disk as a passive entity. The program becomes an active process when loaded into memory — either by double-clicking in Windows or entering the executable name on the command line (e.g., a.out or prog.exe). A process in memory consists of several distinct segments, each serving a specific purpose during program execution. Process Memory Layout STACK (High Address) Grows Down ...
Read MoreLinux nslookup commands to troubleshoot dns domain name server
nslookup is a network administration command-line tool available for many computer operating systems for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address mapping or for any other specific DNS record. This article explains the nslookup command in detail for DNS troubleshooting. Nslookup can be run in two modes: Interactive and Non-Interactive. Interactive mode is used to query DNS servers about various domains and hosts interactively, while Non-Interactive mode is used to query information about a specific domain or host with a single command. Basic DNS Queries Finding A Record (IP Address) ...
Read MoreMonitoring context switches in Linux
Context switching is an essential aspect of modern operating systems that enables them to efficiently manage resources. Context switching is the process of switching from one process to another in a multi-tasking environment. The operating system does this by saving the state of the current process and loading the state of the next process. Monitoring context switches in Linux is a crucial task for system administrators, developers, and users who want to optimize performance of their systems. Understanding Context Switching in Linux Context switching occurs when the operating system switches between multiple processes to give the illusion of ...
Read MoreClear Linux – A Linux Distor Optimized for Performance and Security
Clear Linux is a Linux distribution maintained by Intel that is specifically designed to provide a fast and efficient operating system for developers and performance-focused users who need high performance and security. In this article, we will explore what Clear Linux is, how it differs from other Linux distributions, and how to get started using it. What is Clear Linux? Clear Linux is a free and open-source Linux distribution that is optimized for performance and security. Developed by Intel and based on the Linux kernel, it is designed to be a lightweight operating system that can run ...
Read MoreHow to find out which processes are using swap space in Linux?
Swap space is a storage area on disk used by Linux when the physical memory (RAM) is full. When the operating system needs more memory resources and RAM has no space left, inactive pages are moved to swap space. While swap space helps extend available memory, it should not be considered a replacement for more RAM due to slower disk access speeds. There are several methods to identify which processes are using swap space in Linux. The most straightforward approaches include using system utilities like smem, the top command, or custom shell scripts. Using the Top Command ...
Read MoreProcess Representation in Linux System
Linux manages processes using a fundamental data structure called task_struct, which contains all the information needed to represent a process in the system. This structure is defined in the header file within the kernel source code. Process Data Structure The task_struct is a comprehensive C structure that holds critical information about each process, including: Process state − Current execution state (running, waiting, stopped) Scheduling information − Priority, time slices, and scheduler-specific data Memory management − Virtual memory layout and page tables File descriptors − List of open files and I/O resources Process relationships − Parent, ...
Read MoreA Science Fiction Terminal Emulator Created for Linux
If you're a fan of science fiction and Linux, you might be interested in the latest development in the tech world: a science fiction-themed terminal emulator created specifically for Linux. This terminal emulator provides a unique user interface that transports you to a world of intergalactic communication, high-tech spaceships, and futuristic computing environments. What is a Terminal Emulator? Before diving into the details of science fiction-themed terminal emulators, let's first understand what a terminal emulator is. A terminal emulator is a software application that enables you to access a command-line interface (CLI) on your computer. This CLI allows ...
Read MoreAptik – A Tool to BackupRestore Your Favourite PPAs and Apps in Ubuntu
If you are a fan of Ubuntu, you know how frustrating it can be to reinstall your favorite applications and PPAs after a fresh installation. Thankfully, there is a solution to this problem. Meet Aptik − a backup and restore tool that makes reinstalling your favorite apps and PPAs a breeze. In this article, we'll explore Aptik and how you can use it to backup and restore your favorite applications and PPAs. What is Aptik? Aptik is a free, open-source tool that allows you to backup and restore your installed applications and PPAs. The tool is designed to ...
Read MoreHow to Install AlmaLinux 9 Step by Step?
AlmaLinux is a free and open-source Linux distribution designed as a community-driven alternative to CentOS. As a Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) fork, it offers stability, reliability, and compatibility with enterprise Linux environments. This guide provides a comprehensive step-by-step walkthrough for installing AlmaLinux 9, from downloading the ISO image to configuring your new system. Download AlmaLinux 9 ISO Visit the official AlmaLinux website at https://almalinux.org and navigate to the downloads section. Choose the appropriate ISO image based on your system's architecture (64-bit recommended) and download it to your local machine. Create a Bootable USB Drive Create ...
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