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We can invoke any browsers with the help of the webdriver package. From this package we get access to numerous classes. Next we have to import the selenium.webdriver package. Then we shall be exposed to all the browsers belonging to that package.For invoking chrome browser, we have to select the Chrome class. Then create the driver object of that class. This is the most important and mandatory step for browser invocation.Every chrome browser gives an executable file. Through Selenium we need to invoke this executable file which is responsible for invoking the actual chrome browser.Next we need to download the ... Read More
We can locate and identify multiple elements at the same time in Selenium. There are various strategies to locate the elements. The different ways of locating elements are listed below −find_elements_by_xpath – This method returns all the elements with matching xpath in the argument in form a list. It shall return an empty list if no element has the matching xpath.Syntaxdriver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input[name='text-search']")find_elements_by_link_text – This method returns all the elements with matching value of link text in the argument to form a list. It shall return an empty list if no element has the matching text.Syntaxdriver.find_elements_by_link_text("Tutorialspoint")find_elements_by_name – This method returns all the ... Read More
The differences between implicit and explicit wait are listed below −Implicit WaitExplicit Wait1The driver is asked to wait for a specific amount of time for the element to be available on the DOM of the page.The driver is asked to wait till a certain condition is satisfied.2It is a global wait and applied to all elements on the webpage.It is not a global wait and applied to a particular scenario.3It does not require you to meet any condition.It is required to satisfy a particular condition. Some of the expected conditions include −title_containsvisibility_of_element_locatedpresence_of_element_locatedtitle_isvisibility_ofelement_selection_state_to_bepresence_of_all_elements_locatedelement_located_to_be_selectedalert_is_presentelement_located_selection_state_to_b estaleness_ofelement_to_be_clickableinvisibility_of_element_locatedframe_to_be_available_and_switch_to _ittext_to_be_present_in_element_valuetext_to_be_present_in_elementelement_to_be_selected4Syntaxdriver.implicitly_wait(2)Syntaxw = WebDriverWait(driver, 7) w.until(expected_conditions.presence_of_ele ment_located((By.ID, "Tutorialspoint")))5It ... Read More
While working with Selenium, there may be situations when we see that after page load action by the browser, the web elements are getting loaded at various intervals of time.This type of situation leads to syncing problems between Selenium and the web element on the page. The identification of elements does not happen due to the absence of that element in DOM. The exception like ElementNotVisibleException is thrown due to this.The wait concept in Selenium overcomes this problem and gives a delay between elements identification and actions performed on them. The explicit wait is applied not to all but to ... Read More
While working with Selenium, there may be situations when we see that after page load action by the browser, the web elements are getting loaded at various intervals of time.This type of situation leads to syncing problems between Selenium and the web element on the page. The identification of elements does not happen due to the absence of that element in DOM. The exception like ElementNotVisibleException is thrown due to this.The wait concept in Selenium overcomes this problem and gives a delay between elements identification and actions performed on them. An implicit wait can be considered as default waiting time ... Read More
While working with Selenium, there may be situations when we see that after page load action by the browser, the web elements are getting loaded at various intervals of time.This type of situation leads to syncing problems between Selenium and the web element on the page. The identification of elements does not happen due to the absence of that element in DOM. The exception like ElementNotVisibleException is thrown due to this.The wait concept in Selenium overcomes this problem and gives a delay between elements identification and actions performed on them. Selenium web driver supports mainly two types of waits −Implicit ... Read More
We can refresh a page and then navigate to a new page from the current page with Javascript executor in Selenium. Javascript is a language used for scripting and runs on the client side (on the browser). Selenium gives default methods to work with Javascript.Syntaxdriver.execute_script('history.go[0]') javaS = "window.location = 'https://www.tutorialspoint.com/index.htm'" driver. execute_script(javaS)There are couple of methods of working with Javascript −Javascript execution at document root level.In this process, we shall identify the element with locators (class or id) and then perform the required action on it. Then execute_script() method is called and the Javascript is passed as a string to ... Read More
We can get the title and URL of a webpage with Javascript executor in Selenium. Javascript is a language used for scripting and runs on the client side (on the browser). Selenium gives default methods to work with Javascript.Syntaxprint(driver.execute_script('return document.title')) print(driver.execute_script('return document.URL'))There are couple of methods of working with Javascript −Javascript execution at document root level.In this process, we shall identify the element with locators (class or id) and then perform the required action on it. Then execute_script() method is called and the Javascript is passed as a string to it.Syntaxjavas = "document.getElementsByName('user-search')[0].click();" driver.execute_script(javas)Please note, we have used getElementsByName('user-search')[0]. The ... Read More
We can get the inner text of a webpage with a Javascript executor in Selenium. Javascript is a language used for scripting and runs on the client side (on the browser). Selenium gives default methods to work with Javascript.Syntaxprint(driver.execute_script('return document.documentElement.innerText'))There are couple of methods of working with Javascript −Javascript execution at document root level.In this process, we shall identify the element with locators (class or id) and then perform the required action on it. Then execute_script() method is called and the Javascript is passed as a string to it.Syntaxjavas = "document.getElementsByName('user-search')[0].click();" driver.execute_script(javas)Please note, we have used getElementsByName('user-search')[0]. The functions like ... Read More
We can perform vertical scrolling of a webpage with Javascript executor in Selenium. Javascript is a language used for scripting and runs on the client side (on the browser). Selenium gives default methods to work with Javascript.Syntaxdriver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);")There are couple of methods of working with Javascript −Javascript execution at document root level.In this process, we shall identify the element with locators (class or id) and then perform the required action on it. Then execute_script() method is called and the Javascript is passed as a string to it.Syntaxjavas = "document.getElementsByName('user-search')[0].click();" driver.execute_script(javas)Please note, we have used getElementsByName('user-search')[0]. The functions like getElementsByName and ... Read More