Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
A diagonal matrix is a type of square matrix that contains zero at non-diagonal elements starting from left-upper to right-bottom. To convert a vector into a diagonal matrix in R, we can use diag function along with matrix function and use ncol argument where we can put the number of columns equal to the number of values in the vector. Check out the Examples given below to understand how it can be done.Example 1Following snippet a sample list −V1
To remove dollar sign in R data frame, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame.Then, use gsub function along with lapply function to remove dollar sign.ExampleCreate the data frameLet’s create a data frame as shown below −Product
A block is a statement containing its own local data declaration. The concept of a block is originated with ALGOL. The block-structured language permits an array with adjustable length. The main feature of blocks is their bracketing structure (begin and end used in ALGOL) in which they can define their data.Activation Record for Block Structured LanguagesBlock structured language like ALGOL, and PL/I permit adjustable arrays, i.e., of varying length. Therefore, we cannot store irregular size arrays in between activation records. It can allocate the flexible or variable arrays at one corner of the activation record or above the fixed-size data. ... Read More
To find the number of changes when tossing a coin in R, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a vector using rbinom function.Then, use rle function to find the table of changes.After that, use length in the output of rle.Example 1Create the vectorLet’s create a vector as shown below −x1
It is a kind of notation in which each production of Context-Free Grammar is related with a set of semantic rules or actions, and each grammar symbol is related to a set of Attributes. Thus, the grammar and the group of semantic Actions combine to make syntax-directed definitions.The translation may be the generation of intermediate code, object code, or adding the information in symbol table about constructs type. The modern compiler uses the syntax-directed translation that makes the user’s life easy by hiding many implementation details and free the user from having to specify explicitly the order in which semantic ... Read More
A block is a statement containing its own local data declaration. The concept of a block is originated with ALGOL. The block-structured language permits an array with adjustable length. The main feature of blocks is their bracketing structure (begin and end used in ALGOL) in which they can define their data. In 'C' language, the syntax of the block is −{ declaration statements; }where the braces limit the block. The characteristic of a block is its nesting structure. Delimiters mark the starting and end of the block. In 'C' language, the braces { } act as delimiters, while ALGOL ... Read More
To find the column means if some columns are categorical in R data frame, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame.Then, use numcolwise function from plyr package to find the column means ifsome columns are categorical.Example 1Create the data frameLet’s create a data frame as shown below −Grp
To convert list with varying number of elements into a data frame in R, we can use stri_list2matrix function of stringi package along with as.data.frame function.For Example, if we have a list called LIST that contains varying number of elements then we can convert it into a data frame by using the below mentioned command −as.data.frame(t(stri_list2matrix(LIST)))Example 1Following snippet creates a sample list −List1
To create a column of log(1+x) in data frames stored in R list, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a list of data frames.Then, use lapply function to create a column of log(1+x) in data frames stored in the list.ExampleCreate the list of data framesUsing data.frame function to create data frames and list function to create the list of those data frames −df1
In stack allocation, it can analyze how the memory is allocated at runtime when a procedure is called & when the value from the procedure is returned.Passing Parameter to Procedure (param x)− When actual parameter x is passed to the procedure, it will be pushed into the stack, i.e., push (x).∴ param(x) refers to push (x) which refers to decrementing of the top pointer from N + 1 to N and x will be pushed onto the stack.∴ The following statements will be executed.top = top – 1*top = x or 0[top] = xHere 0[top] means 0 offsets from the ... Read More