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We can exclude a test from execution in Pytest. Pytest is a test framework in python. To install pytest, we need to use the command pip install pytest. After installation, we can verify if python has been installed by the command pytest –version. The version of pytest shall be known.Pytest can be used for creating and executing test cases. It can be used in a wide range of testing API, UI, database, and so on. The test file of pytest has a naming convention that it starts with test_ or ends with _test keyword and every line of code should ... Read More
We can execute a selected test from a collection of tests in Pytest. Pytest is a test framework in python. To install pytest, we need to use the command pip install pytest. After installation, we can verify if python has been installed by the command pytest –version. The version of pytest shall be known.Pytest can be used for creating and executing test cases. It can be used in a wide range of testing API, UI, database, and so on. The test file of pytest has a naming convention that it starts with test_ or ends with _test keyword and every ... Read More
Data mining is applied to the selected data in a large amount database. When data analysis and mining is done on a huge amount of data then it takes a very long time to process, which makes it impractical and infeasible. It can reduce the processing time for data analysis, data reduction techniques are used to obtain a reduced representation of the dataset that is much smaller in volume by maintaining the integrity of the original data. By reducing the data, the efficiency of the data mining process is improved which produces the same analytical results.Data reduction aims to define ... Read More
In data transformation, the data are transformed or combined into forms suitable for mining. Data transformation can involve the following −Smoothing − It can work to remove noise from the data. Such methods contain binning, regression, and clustering.Aggregation − In aggregation, where summary or aggregation operations are applied to the data. For example, the daily sales data may be aggregated to compute monthly and annual total amounts. This phase is generally used in making a data cube for the analysis of the data at multiple granularities.Generalization − In Generalization, where low-level or “primitive” (raw) data are restored by larger-level concepts ... Read More
Pytest is a test framework in python. To install pytest, we need to use the command pip install pytest. After installation, we can verify if python has been installed by the command pytest –version. The version of pytest shall be known.Pytest can be used for creating and executing test cases. It can be used in a wide range of testing API, UI, database, and so on. The test file of pytest has a naming convention that it starts with test_ or ends with _test keyword and every line of code should be inside a method that should have a name ... Read More
Data integration is the phase of combining data from several disparate sources. While implementing data integration, it should work on data redundancy, inconsistency, duplicity, etc. In data mining, data integration is a data pre-processing technique that contains merging data from numerous heterogeneous data sources into coherent data to retain and support a consolidated perspective of the information.It combines data from various sources into a coherent data store, including in data warehousing. These sources can involve multiple databases, data cubes, or flat files, etc. There are multiple issues to consider during data integration.Schema integration and object matching can be complex. For ... Read More
We can get the total number of radio buttons on a page using Selenium webdriver using the find_elements method. While working on any radio buttons, we will always find an attribute type in the html code and its value should be radio.This characteristic is only applicable to radio buttons on that particular page and to no other types of UI elements like edit box, link, and so on.To retrieve all the elements with attribute type = 'radio', we will use find_elements_by_xpath() method. This method returns a list of web elements with the type of xpath specified in the method argument. ... Read More
We can get the total number of checkboxes in a page using Selenium webdriver using find_elements method. While working on any checkboxes, we will always find an attribute type in the html code and its value should be checkbox.This characteristic is only applicable to checkboxes on that particular page and no other types of UI elements like edit box, link and so on.To retrieve all the elements with attribute type = 'checkbox', we will use find_elements_by_xpath() method. This method returns a list of web elements with the type of xpath specified in the method argument. In case there are no ... Read More
Data cleaning defines to clean the data by filling in the missing values, smoothing noisy data, analyzing and removing outliers, and removing inconsistencies in the data. Sometimes data at multiple levels of detail can be different from what is required, for example, it can need the age ranges of 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, and the imported data includes birth date. The data can be cleans by splitting the data into appropriate types.Types of data cleaningThere are various types of data cleaning which are as follows −Missing Values − Missing values are filled with appropriate values. There are the following approaches to ... Read More
There are some rules for creating a CSS expression. The CSS is one of the important locators in Selenium. A customized CSS can be developed with the help of attributes like id, class name, and by the combination of tagname and html attributes.The ways of creating a CSS are listed below −Using a class name html attribute.This will select the web element of that particular class represented by (.)classname.Syntax− driver. find_element_by_css_selector(".name")Here name is the value of the attribute class.Using an id html attribute.This will select the web element of that particular id represented by (#) id.Syntax− driver. find_element_by_css_selector("#search")Here search is ... Read More