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Pytest is a test framework in python. To install pytest, we need to use the command pip install pytest. After installation, we can verify if python has been installed by the command pytest –version. The version of pytest shall be known.Pytest can be used for creating and executing test cases. It can be used in a wide range of testing API, UI, database, and so on. The test file of pytest has a naming convention that it starts with test_ or ends with _test keyword and every line of code should be inside a method that should have a name ... Read More
Data integration is the phase of combining data from several disparate sources. While implementing data integration, it should work on data redundancy, inconsistency, duplicity, etc. In data mining, data integration is a data pre-processing technique that contains merging data from numerous heterogeneous data sources into coherent data to retain and support a consolidated perspective of the information.It combines data from various sources into a coherent data store, including in data warehousing. These sources can involve multiple databases, data cubes, or flat files, etc. There are multiple issues to consider during data integration.Schema integration and object matching can be complex. For ... Read More
We can get the total number of radio buttons on a page using Selenium webdriver using the find_elements method. While working on any radio buttons, we will always find an attribute type in the html code and its value should be radio.This characteristic is only applicable to radio buttons on that particular page and to no other types of UI elements like edit box, link, and so on.To retrieve all the elements with attribute type = 'radio', we will use find_elements_by_xpath() method. This method returns a list of web elements with the type of xpath specified in the method argument. ... Read More
We can get the total number of checkboxes in a page using Selenium webdriver using find_elements method. While working on any checkboxes, we will always find an attribute type in the html code and its value should be checkbox.This characteristic is only applicable to checkboxes on that particular page and no other types of UI elements like edit box, link and so on.To retrieve all the elements with attribute type = 'checkbox', we will use find_elements_by_xpath() method. This method returns a list of web elements with the type of xpath specified in the method argument. In case there are no ... Read More
Data cleaning defines to clean the data by filling in the missing values, smoothing noisy data, analyzing and removing outliers, and removing inconsistencies in the data. Sometimes data at multiple levels of detail can be different from what is required, for example, it can need the age ranges of 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, and the imported data includes birth date. The data can be cleans by splitting the data into appropriate types.Types of data cleaningThere are various types of data cleaning which are as follows −Missing Values − Missing values are filled with appropriate values. There are the following approaches to ... Read More
There are some rules for creating a CSS expression. The CSS is one of the important locators in Selenium. A customized CSS can be developed with the help of attributes like id, class name, and by the combination of tagname and html attributes.The ways of creating a CSS are listed below −Using a class name html attribute.This will select the web element of that particular class represented by (.)classname.Syntax− driver. find_element_by_css_selector(".name")Here name is the value of the attribute class.Using an id html attribute.This will select the web element of that particular id represented by (#) id.Syntax− driver. find_element_by_css_selector("#search")Here search is ... Read More
Data mining is the procedure of finding useful new correlations, patterns, and trends by sharing through a high amount of data saved in repositories, using pattern recognition technologies including statistical and mathematical techniques. It is the analysis of factual datasets to discover unsuspected relationships and to summarize the records in novel methods that are both logical and helpful to the data owner.It is the procedure of selection, exploration, and modeling of high quantities of information to find regularities or relations that are at first unknown to obtain clear and beneficial results for the owner of the database.It is not limited ... Read More
The data mining system is integrated with a database or data warehouse system so that it can do its tasks in an effective presence. A data mining system operates in an environment that needed it to communicate with other data systems like a database system. There are the possible integration schemes that can integrate these systems which are as follows −No coupling − No coupling defines that a data mining system will not use any function of a database or data warehouse system. It can retrieve data from a specific source (including a file system), process data using some data ... Read More
We can use regular expressions in a CSS locator. We can identify elements by matching their attributes partially with the help of regular expressions. In CSS, there are multiple methods to achieve this. They are listed below −Using the wild character *. This means the string contains our given text.Syntax− driver.find_element_by_css_selector("input[name*='sel']")It will search the input tag which contains the 'name' attribute containing 'sel' text.Using the wild character ^. This means the string starts with our given text.Syntax− driver.find_element_by_css_selector("input[name^='Tut']")It will search the input tag which contains the 'name' attribute starting with 'Tut' text.Using the wild character $. This means the string ... Read More
Data mining defines extracting or mining knowledge from huge amounts of data. Data mining is generally used in places where a huge amount of data is saved and processed. For example, the banking system uses data mining to save huge amounts of data which is processed constantly.In Data mining, hidden patterns of data are considering according to the multiple categories into a piece of useful data. This data is assembled in an area including data warehouses for analyzing it, and data mining algorithms are performed. This data facilitates in creating effective decisions which cut value and increase revenue.There are various ... Read More