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In digital electronics, a logic or logic function is one that follows the rules that governs a logical statement. Logics are implemented by using switching networks, where a switching network is one that is designed by interconnecting a finite number of switches. Example − Let "𝒚" is a logic function, then it may be expressed as, $$\mathrm{Y = f\left ( x_{i} \right ) }$$ Where, xi represents the inputs to the logic network or switching network, and y is the output of the network. There is another term associated with the logic function that is the truth table. The truth ... Read More
A logic gate is a digital electronic circuit that is used to implement different kinds of logical and comparison operations. We have several types of logic gates such as OR Gate, AND Gate, NOT Gate, NAND Gate, NOR Gate, etc. In this article, we will discuss the realization of OR Logic Gate using diode resistor logic, i.e. DL OR Gate. But before going into the realization of DL OR gate, let us discuss the basic of OR Gate. What is OR Gate? OR Gate is a logic circuit which may have two or more binary inputs and gives an output ... Read More
What is Karnaugh Map? In realization of digital electronic systems, the simplification of Boolean expressions is one of the most crucial steps because it reduces the hardware complexity and cost of production. There are several tools and methods available for simplifying complex Boolean expression. K-Map or Karnaugh Map is one of such simplification methods. K-Map was developed by Maurice Karnaugh in the year of 1953. It is a visual or graphical method used to simplify the Boolean expressions. K-Map is one of the most efficient simplification tools when the number of variables in the Boolean expression are less than or ... Read More
In digital electronics, there are different types of logic circuits used to perform different kinds of arithmetic operations. One of them is adder. Adder (or Binary Adder) is a combinational logic circuit that performs the addition of two or more binary numbers and gives an output sum. There are two types of adders present namely, half adder and full adder. Since, adder are logic circuits, thus they are implemented using different types of digital logic gates such as OR gate, AND gate, NOT gate, NAND gates, etc. In this article, we will discuss the Half Adder Realization using NAND Gates. ... Read More
In digital electronics, there are different types of logic circuits used to perform different kinds of arithmetic operations. One of them is adder. Adder (or Binary Adder) is a combinational logic circuit that performs the addition of two or more binary numbers and gives an output sum. There are two types of adders present namely, half adder and full adder. Since, adder are logic circuits, thus they are implemented using different types of digital logic gates such as OR gate, AND gate, NOT gate, NAND gates, NOR gates, etc. In this article, we will discuss the Full Adder Realization using ... Read More
In digital electronics, adders and subtractors both are the combinational logic circuits (a combinational logic circuit is one whose output depends only on the present inputs, but not on the past outputs) that can add or subtract numbers, more specifically binary numbers. Adders and subtractors are the crucial parts of arithmetic logic circuits in processing devices like microprocessors or microcontrollers. In this article, we will discuss adders and subtractors in detail. What is an Adder? We have different types of digital devices like computers, calculators that can perform a variety of processing functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc. The ... Read More
A K-Map or Karnaugh Map is a graphical method that used for simplifying the complex algebraic expressions in Boolean functions. This method avoid the use of complex theorems and equations manipulations. A K-Map is basically a special form of a truth table that can easily map out the values of parameters and gives a simplified Boolean expression. K-Map method is best suited for such Boolean functions that have two to four variables. However, it can be used for Boolean functions having five or six variables as well, but its process becomes more difficult with the increased number of variables in ... Read More
Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is widely popular due to its nature of making money quickly or getting a complete loss; people are crazy about cryptocurrency and want to make money from it. Due to its popularity, hackers exploit new or existing users with malware viruses, bugs, and miscommunication. We will learn how hackers use bugs and malware and how to defend themselves. What is cryptocurrency? Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is highly encrypted, decentralized in nature, and secured by cryptography. Since transactions are verified via encryption, cryptocurrency has earned its name. This implies that storing, transmitting, and ... Read More
Today, in this era of advanced technologies, cybercrimes or cyber threats have impacted a lot on any company's data security or data protection. Hackers do unauthorized access to the data of computers and smartphones and intervene the data privacy. Many companies face severe data theft challenges worldwide, leading to substantial business losses.To stop these malicious attacks, IT professionals are permitted to deal with this vulnerable task to protect the data of companies and individuals. Ethical Hackers are professionals with technical skills in detecting these malicious attacks and resolving the issues.The prime responsibilities of ethical hackers are to define and categorize ... Read More
At present, different types of cybercrimes are getting developed, and these are the prime cause of data loss in an organization. Among these, Spoofing is another harmful cybercrime where it becomes easy for criminals to disguise phone calls and email addresses. Key facts to know about Spoofing Cybercriminals use spoofing to hack the confidential information of an individual and organizations. Here all need to understand the critical features of Spoofing. It is the process through which hackers can divulge all personal information. Hackers can get all the information through email, caller IDs, and GPS services. Hence it is suggested to ... Read More