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Through the command line, we can easily create dynamic scripts that modify or generate files based on user input. This functionality is useful for generating logs, exporting data, or saving outputs from calculations. The following are the basic steps we need to follow to write data into a file from the command line - Accept the file name and optional data from the command line. Open the specified file in write mode. Write the content to the file. Handle possible errors such as ... Read More
Reading files from the command line is a common task in many Python scripts and automation workflows. Whether we’re building a simple utility to process text files or developing a complex data analysis tool that being able to accept file input directly from the command line, which enhances the flexibility and usability of our program. Python provides built-in modules such as sys and argparse that make our task straightforward and efficient. In this article, we are going to see the different methods that are used to read a file from the command line using Python - Using sys.argv() In Python, ... Read More
A statement is a logical instruction in Python that the Python interpreter can read and execute. It could be an expression or an assignment statement in Python. Python's assignment statement is fundamental. It specifies how an expression generates and stores objects. In a simple assignment, we create new variables, assign values to them, and alter them. To maintain the value of the expression, this statement supplies an expression and a variable name as a label. Following is the syntax of using the statement in python − variable = expression Creating Multi-Line Statements in Python Statements in Python are often ... Read More
Importing Python Modules by Full Path Python has various tools to import modules dynamically, where the full path is accessible. In this article, we will explore various methods to import Python modules when the full path is given, and each method has its own advantages for various use cases. In Python, it is common to import modules using statements such as import os or from mypackage, import utils. But, Imagine a situation, Where we need to import the Python module given the full path, Let's dive into the article to learn more about it. Using importlib.util.spec_from_file_location() The Python provides functions ... Read More
In Python, it is possible to source one Python file from another, which enables us to share data between scripts. In this article, we will go through the different ways to source a Python file from another Python file. Understanding Python File Importing In Python, the process of importing makes to use functions, classes, and variables defined in one Python file within another. This helps us in code reusability and enables us to split our code into multiple files based on functionality. Using the import Statement One of the most common ways to import a Python file is by using ... Read More
The common header format of Python files is a simple and essential element in any Python script. The Header Format is just an introduction that provides context. In Python, we commonly use a docstring as the header format. A docstring is a special kind of comment enclosed within triple quotes, i.e., either single or double. It's placed right at the beginning of the script, even before any import statements, making it easily visible and accessible to anyone who reads the code. The standard structure of a Python file header is adorned with a docstring. Following is an example of ... Read More
In C++, both ptr++ and ++ptr are used to increment pointers, but they behave differently in expressions. The difference lies in when the increment happens: before or after the value is used. This is essential when working with loops, arrays, or pointer. Syntax Following is the syntax to compare ptr++ vs ++ptr in C++: ptr++: post-increment; ++ptr: pre-increment; Following is the table to compare ptr++ vs ++ptr in C++ ... Read More
In C++, direct memory access is possible using pointers. However, the improper use of pointers can lead to problems such as dangling pointers, null pointers, void pointers, and wild pointers. You must have to fix these problems properly for correct code compilation and execution. Let us learn how these problems occur and how you can fix them. Dangling Pointer A dangling pointer is a variable that points to invalid or freed memory, causing errors if accessed. It is like calling a disconnected phone number. When the local variable is not static, the pointer pointing to it becomes dangling. Syntax Following ... Read More
The (int)x is C-style typecasting, where static_cast(x) is used in C++. This static_cast() gives a compile-time checking facility, but the C-style casting does not support that. This static_cast() can be spotted anywhere inside a C++ code. And using this C++ cast, the intentions are conveyed much better. In C like cast, sometimes we can cast some type pointer to a point some other type data. Like one integer pointer can also point character type data, as they are quite similar, the only difference is character has 1-byte, integer has 4-bytes. In C++, the static_cast() is more strict than C-like casting. ... Read More
To find the Current Working Directory (CWD) in C or C++ is like asking your program: "Hey, where am I right now?". Simply we can say that it is like a folder of your program which is present and used to operate in. We can use functions like getcwd() from unistd.h in C/C++ or filesystem::current_path() from C++17. Below are the list of the ways to achieve this. Using getcwd() in C/C++ Using filesystem in C++17 Using getcwd() Function in C/C++ In C/C++, we use the getcwd() function. This function gets ... Read More