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CrudRepository and JPA repository both are the interface of the spring data repository library. Spring data repository reduces the boilerplate code by providing some predefined finders to access the data layer for various persistence layers. What is JPA repository? JPA is a repository interface that extends CrudRepository and PagingAndSorting repository. It inherits some finders from crud repository such as findOne, gets and removes an entity. It also provides some extra methods related to JPA such as delete records in batch, flushing data directly to a database base and methods related to pagination and sorting. We need to extend this repository ... Read More
A tuple is a collection of python objects that are separated by commas which are ordered and immutable. Tuples are sequences, just like lists. The differences between tuples and lists are, that tuples cannot be changed unlike lists and tuples use parentheses, whereas lists use square brackets. Let us see about the creation of tuples in a detailed way. We can define tuple in different ways as follows - Empty Tuple ... Read More
A substring is a continues sequence of characters within a larger string. For example, the string "point" a substring of the string "TutorialsPoint". In this article, we will learn different approaches to check if a string contains a substring in C++. Here is a list of approaches for checking if a string contains a substring, which we will be discussing in this article with stepwise explanation and complete example codes. Using find() Using search() Using regex_search() Manual Substring ... Read More
In Java, multilevel inheritance allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class by creating a multiple layer of inheritance. Runtime polymorphism lets a child class to provide different implementations of inherited methods through method overriding. When we implement runtime polymorphism using multilevel inheritance, call to the overridden method is decided at the run time by JVM on the basis of object type. In this article, we are going to demonstrate runtime polymorphism in Java using multilevel inheritance. But, let's discuss runtime polymorphism first. What is Runtime Polymorphism in Java? Runtime polymorphism is a type of polymorphism ... Read More
In Java, an interface defined inside another interface or class is called nested interface. Interfaces are similar to classes, but they not contain instance variables, and their methods are declared without any body. You can specify what a class must do, but not how it does it using the interface keyword. In this article, we will learn about nested interfaces in Java. What is a Nested Interface in Java As mentioned earlier, we can declare an interface within another interface or class. Such an interface is termed as nested interface. It follows the same syntax as a regular interface ... Read More
Both Go and Java are popular backend programming languages, and each has its own unique features. Java is an older language with a large community support, whereas Go is a comparatively newer language developed by Google. In this article, we will learn more about the differences between Go and Java. Go Language Go, also called Golang, is an open-source programming language developed by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson at Google. It was created to build large and complex software systems more easily. It is a statically typed and compiled programming language that has a simple and ... Read More
The built-in Python module re provides re.search() and re.match(), which are powerful regular expression functions. They are commonly used functions for finding patterns in strings, but they behave differently. The re.search() Function The re.search() function checks the entire string for a match. It will return the first match it finds in the string, not just at the beginning. This is helpful when the pattern might appear in the middle or end of the string. If it finds a match, it returns a Match object; if not, it returns None. Example In the following example re.search() function looks through the whole ... Read More
The const keyword in C++ is a keyword that is used to declare variables and objects as constant, which means the value declared using const cannot be changed or modified later, once they are initialized. This helps them prevent accidental modifications. For example, in a code, if we are using the value of PI, which has a fixed universal value and doesn't need any change, then we can declare it as a constant. When you declare the object with the const keyword, then the compiler places that value in ROM (Read-Only Memory), which protects it from being changed ... Read More
In C++, typedef is a keyword that is used to create a new name for an existing data type. This helps the users to modify the code according to their preference, making it more readable, friendly, and manageable. Syntax Here is the following basic syntax of typedef in C++; typedef existing_type new_name; Here, existing_type is the original data type given in the C++ standard (e.g., int, float, double, etc.)new_name is the new name assigned to that type. Example Here is the following simple example showcasing the use of typedef in C++: #include using namespace std; // Defining ... Read More
In C++, bitwise operators are used to perform operations on binary numbers. Since computers store all data in the form of binary (0s and 1s), therefore, every value, like decimal numbers, characters, and booleans, is internally represented in binary. for example: 5 = 00000101 and 3 = 00000011 To learn more about how to convert these decimal values to binary, you can visit this page: Decimal to Binary Conversion. Shift Operators in C++ The shift operator is one of the types of bitwise operators, which are used to move bits of a number left or right. There are two types of ... Read More