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Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) Hydrothermal liquefaction is only one of the several ways to harvest energy from the biomass like algae, wood, etc. This process uses water as a solvent under extreme temperatures and pressures. Here the biomass or fossil fuel based carbon rich material is converted into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases at high temperatures without combustion and with a controlled oxygen supply. Here the conversion of the wet biomass into crude oil occurs which also a natural process undergoing beneath the Earth’s surface. The oil obtained through this process is named as Bio oil or Bio crude. ... Read More
Introduction to Molecular Biochemistry Molecular biochemistry is a sub-division under biochemistry of biology which mainly involves in studying the chemical processes that undergoes or takes place within all the living organisms at a molecular level. This study of science deals with the areas like metabolisms, cell pathophysiology, membrane and enzyme biochemistry, ion transport across the biological membranes, lipid biochemistry, nuclear structures and their functions, protein chemistry and many other components of molecular biology etc. As it also covers the major portion of the biochemistry and molecular biology, it often gets confused with that sciences. However, biochemistry deals mainly with the ... Read More
Suppose the total permitted character is N and the user has entered M characters in the textarea, where N>M. Now only (N-M) characters are left to be entered. After this (N-M) becomes 0, the characters should not be allowed to be entered. In this article, using JQuery, in three different examples, this process of limiting the character input in the textarea is given. In the first example, the maxlength attribute of textarea is used. In example two, the text area is disabled after the required limit is reached and in the third example, the preventDefault is used for the ... Read More
In this article, the user will understand how to make a display in a horizontal row in the HTML. This can be easily done by using “display: inline” feature while setting the style or by using the table row feature. This process of displaying some elements of a webpage in a row is demonstrated. First, the method is given where the unordered list items are displayed in a row. In the second example, the paragraph lines are displayed in a row. In the third example, images of different sizes are used to display these in a row. Example 1: ... Read More
Sometimes, the task is to display a vertical line on the web page and to set the style for that vertical line. Using the HTML, this process of creating a vertical line on the webpage is demonstrated in this article. First the method is given where the border style is specified for the div tag to display a vertical line. In the second example, the keyboard characters “|” and “!’ are filled as table cell contents to create a vertical line made up of dashes or dots. In the third example a small width rectangle is created that looks ... Read More
What is Biostatistics? Biostatistics is the science which applies the statistics to a wide range of concepts in biology. Statistics mainly involves data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation. Importance of Biostatistics The Bio statistical science mainly deals with the development and application of most suitable methods for the following purposes. Data Collection - Here the facts are expressed in quantitative form and for this the data is obtained from the primary and secondary sources. Presenting the Collected Data – Data is presented in tabular form as a classification of data and through charts called charting of data. ... Read More
The strength and direction of the correlation between two pairs of variables in a dataset are displayed graphically in a correlation heatmap, which depicts the correlation matrix. It is an effective technique for finding patterns and connections in massive datasets. The Python data visualization toolkit Seaborn offers simple utilities for producing statistical visuals. Users can quickly see the correlation matrix of a dataset thanks to its feature for creating correlation heatmaps. We must import the dataset, compute the correlation matrix of the variables, and then use the Seaborn heatmap function to produce the heatmap to construct a correlation heatmap. The ... Read More
A scatter plot is a data visualisation that displays the relationship between two variables. A marker or symbol is placed on the plot at the coordinates corresponding to each data point's values for the two variables, representing that data point. The graphic can aid in finding patterns, trends, and outliers in the data. Scatter plots and other types of data visualisation can be made using the well-known Python module Matplotlib. By giving a list of colours that each plot point should belong to, the user may use Matplotlib to produce a scatter plot with various hues. This way, we can ... Read More
Python provides several libraries for creating animations, such as Matplotlib, Pygame, and Pyglet. Matplotlib is a popular Python data visualisation library that also offers the functionality of creating animations using the ‘FuncAnimation’ function. ‘FuncAnimation’ is a class in the ‘matplotlib.animation’ module that creates animations by calling a user-defined function. In this tutorial, we will learn animations using the ‘FuncAnimation’ function, and we will illustrate three examples of this method. Syntax animation = FuncAnimation(fig, animate_func, frames=frame_values, interval=interval_value, repeat=repeat_value) In the above syntax, fig is the object that we want to animate, animate_func updates the plot for each frame, ‘frame_values’ is ... Read More
Basics of Immunology: Immune System Immunology is the study of an immune system which provides resistance to disease caused by the micro-organisms and their products like toxins. This resistance is termed as immunity and this also provides resistance even to cancer cells. Immune system mainly works on following principle strategies − It prevents the pathogen entry into the body Eliminates the invaded pathogens by involving different immune cells. Preventing the attack on the host’s own or self-cells. Stored memory of previously invaded pathogens by T and B cells. Should able to limit its immune response once the pathogen is ... Read More