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Transmission Control Protocol comes under the fourth Layer of the Open System Interconnection model. The main purpose of TCP is to track the packets and these fields add extra information on the TCP header. The connection must be implemented before transferring the packets. Some of the errors that may arise while transferring packets are the packets may be lost, packets may replicate, and damaged. The Internet Protocol (IP) packet will follow a format called TCP segment which is composed of two parts namely the Header and data. In this article, the two fields of the TCP header namely MSS and ... Read More
Signaling system 7 is a protocol that comes under the network layer of the Open System Interconnection model. It helps the node of the network to track the transfers of messages. Message Transfer protocol is the basis and is divided into many layers according to its function. The first layer represents the setting up of the network, then the second layer take care of transmissions without any error and the third layer acts like a medium between two networks. MTP3B stands for Message Transfer Protocol broadband as it transfers multiple signals concurrently. What is MTP3? In the SS7 protocol, there ... Read More
The pyttsx3 is a Python library that provides a simple interface for using TTS synthesis. Text to Speech (TTS) converts written text to spoken words. It is mainly used to generate speech from text and customize various aspects of the speech audio. The speech output generated by the pyttsx3 library is often saved as an audio file in popular formats like MP3 or WAV. This article will discuss how we can save pyttsx3 results to MP3 or WAV files. Algorithm A general algorithm for saving the pyttsx3 result to mp3 or WAV file is as follows : Import ... Read More
MediaFire and Securesafe are storage devices used by different organizations and for personal purposes. MediaFire has been first launched in the year 2006 which provides a storage space of 10GB and later Securesafe was introduced in the year 2009 which provides 100 GB storage space. Using the Securesafe, it makes the user to access the data like pictures, videos and music very easily and securely. On the other hand, Mediafire does not provide any kind of security to the files stored. What is Mediafire? MediaFire provides a storage service in cloud-based and not physical. It saves and shares items including ... Read More
Problem Statement We have given an array of length ‘N’ containing some positive integers. Also, we have given the string of length ‘N-1’ containing only ‘*’ and ‘+’ characters, where ‘*’ is a multiplication operator, and ‘+’ is an addition operator. We require to perform the arithmetic operation with array elements in such a way that we can get a minimum positive integer value. Sample Examples Input array = [1, 2, 3], str = “*+” Output 5 Explanation It is the resultant value of ((1*2) + 3). Input array = [3, 3, 3, 3], str = ‘*++’ ... Read More
Problem Statement We have given a string str and character c in the input. We need to insert the given character c in the string at the index so that we can convert the string to non-palindromic. If we can’t convert the string to non-palindrome, print ‘-1’. Sample Examples Input str = ‘nayan’, c = ‘n’ Output ‘nnayan’ Explanation There can be multiple output strings as we can insert ‘n’ at any index in the given string. So, the output string can be ‘nnayan’, ‘nanyan’, ‘naynan’, ‘nayann’, etc. Input str = ‘sss’, c = ‘s’ Output ‘-1’ ... Read More
When it comes to information connect conventions, HDLC (High-Level Information Connect Control) and PPP (Point-to-Point Convention) are two broadly recognized guidelines. Whereas both conventions encourage the exchange of information between arranged gadgets, they contrast in a few crucial angles. This article points to shed light on the difference between HDLC and PPP, investigating their definitions, standardization, surrounding strategies, tending to components, mistake-taking care of capabilities, transaction highlights, verification back, association sorts, overhead contemplations, and applications. What is HDLC? High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) could be a synchronous bit-oriented information interface layer convention utilized for transmitting data over point-to-point and multipoint ... Read More
Problem Statement We have given a positive integer num. We need to find the lexicographically largest string of lowercase alphabetical characters such that the sum of all characters of the string is equal to num. Here, ‘a’ = 1, ‘b’ = 2, ‘c’ = 3, ‘d’ = 4, …., ‘z’ = 26. We need to use the ‘z’ characters at the string's start to create the largest lexicographical string. At last, we need to use the last character according to the num % 26 value. Sample Examples Input num = 30 Output ‘zd’ Explanation The ‘zd’ is the ... Read More
Within the domain of present-day cryptography, two noticeable calculations have played significant parts in securing delicate information Diffie-Hellman and RSA. Whereas both strategies are broadly utilized for key trade and encryption, they employ effective approaches to attain their cryptographic objectives. Diffie-Hellman, created by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman in 1976, focuses on securing key trade conventions, empowering parties to set up a shared mystery over an uncertain channel. On the other hand, RSA, named after its makers Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman, utilizes public-key encryption to defend information secrecy, verification, and computerized marks. This article dives into the ... Read More
In Python, saving files with user−defined file names is a common requirement in various applications and projects. By allowing users to specify the file name, we can provide them with a more personalized and customizable experience. This article will explain the process of saving files with file names provided by the user, using Python. Algorithm A general algorithm for saving file with file name from user is as follows: Prompt the user to enter the desired file name. ... Read More