
- Python 3 Basic Tutorial
- Python 3 - Home
- What is New in Python 3
- Python 3 - Overview
- Python 3 - Environment Setup
- Python 3 - Basic Syntax
- Python 3 - Variable Types
- Python 3 - Basic Operators
- Python 3 - Decision Making
- Python 3 - Loops
- Python 3 - Numbers
- Python 3 - Strings
- Python 3 - Lists
- Python 3 - Tuples
- Python 3 - Dictionary
- Python 3 - Date & Time
- Python 3 - Functions
- Python 3 - Modules
- Python 3 - Files I/O
- Python 3 - Exceptions
- Python 3 Advanced Tutorial
- Python 3 - Classes/Objects
- Python 3 - Reg Expressions
- Python 3 - CGI Programming
- Python 3 - Database Access
- Python 3 - Networking
- Python 3 - Sending Email
- Python 3 - Multithreading
- Python 3 - XML Processing
- Python 3 - GUI Programming
- Python 3 - Further Extensions
- Python 3 Useful Resources
- Python 3 - Questions and Answers
- Python 3 - Quick Guide
- Python 3 - Tools/Utilities
- Python 3 - Useful Resources
- Python 3 - Discussion
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
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Python 3 - OS File/Directory Methods
The os module provides a big range of useful methods to manipulate files and directories. Most of the useful methods are listed here −
Sr.No. | Methods & Description |
---|---|
1 |
os.access(path, mode)
Use the real uid/gid to test for access to path. |
2 |
os.chdir(path)
Change the current working directory to path. |
3 |
os.chflags(path, flags)
Set the flags of path to the numeric flags. |
4 |
os.chmod(path, mode)
Change the mode of path to the numeric mode. |
5 |
os.chown(path, uid, gid)
Change the owner and group id of path to the numeric uid and gid. |
6 |
os.chroot(path)
Change the root directory of the current process to path. |
7 |
os.close(fd)
Close file descriptor fd. |
8 |
os.closerange(fd_low, fd_high)
Close all file descriptors from fd_low (inclusive) to fd_high (exclusive), ignoring errors. |
9 |
os.dup(fd)
Return a duplicate of file descriptor fd. |
10 |
os.dup2(fd, fd2)
Duplicate file descriptor fd to fd2, closing the latter first if necessary. |
11 |
os.fchdir(fd)
Change the current working directory to the directory represented by the file descriptor fd. |
12 |
os.fchmod(fd, mode)
Change the mode of the file given by fd to the numeric mode. |
13 |
os.fchown(fd, uid, gid)
Change the owner and group id of the file given by fd to the numeric uid and gid. |
14 |
os.fdatasync(fd)
Force write of file with filedescriptor fd to disk. |
15 |
os.fdopen(fd[, mode[, bufsize]])
Return an open file object connected to the file descriptor fd. |
16 |
os.fpathconf(fd, name)
Return system configuration information relevant to an open file. name specifies the configuration value to retrieve. |
17 |
os.fstat(fd)
Return status for file descriptor fd, like stat(). |
18 |
os.fstatvfs(fd)
Return information about the filesystem containing the file associated with file descriptor fd, like statvfs(). |
19 |
os.fsync(fd)
Force write of file with filedescriptor fd to disk. |
20 |
os.ftruncate(fd, length)
Truncate the file corresponding to file descriptor fd, so that it is at most length bytes in size. |
21 |
os.getcwd()
Return a string representing the current working directory. |
22 |
os.getcwdu()
Return a Unicode object representing the current working directory. |
23 |
os.isatty(fd)
Return True if the file descriptor fd is open and connected to a tty(-like) device, else False. |
24 |
os.lchflags(path, flags)
Set the flags of path to the numeric flags, like chflags(), but do not follow symbolic links. |
25 |
os.lchmod(path, mode)
Change the mode of path to the numeric mode. |
26 |
os.lchown(path, uid, gid)
Change the owner and group id of path to the numeric uid and gid. This function will not follow symbolic links. |
27 |
os.link(src, dst)
Create a hard link pointing to src named dst. |
28 |
os.listdir(path)
Return a list containing the names of the entries in the directory given by path. |
29 |
os.lseek(fd, pos, how)
Set the current position of file descriptor fd to position pos, modified by how. |
30 |
os.lstat(path)
Like stat(), but do not follow symbolic links. |
31 |
os.major(device)
Extract the device major number from a raw device number. |
32 |
os.makedev(major, minor)
Compose a raw device number from the major and minor device numbers. |
33 |
os.makedirs(path[, mode])
Recursive directory creation function. |
34 |
os.minor(device)
Extract the device minor number from a raw device number. |
35 |
os.mkdir(path[, mode])
Create a directory named path with numeric mode mode. |
36 |
os.mkfifo(path[, mode])
Create a FIFO (a named pipe) named path with numeric mode mode. The default mode is 0666 (octal). |
37 |
os.mknod(filename[, mode = 0600, device])
Create a filesystem node (file, device special file or named pipe) named filename. |
38 |
os.open(file, flags[, mode])
Open the file file and set various flags according to flags and possibly its mode according to mode. |
39 |
os.openpty()
Open a new pseudo-terminal pair. Return a pair of file descriptors (master, slave) for the pty and the tty, respectively. |
40 |
os.pathconf(path, name)
Return system configuration information relevant to a named file. |
41 |
os.pipe()
Create a pipe. Return a pair of file descriptors (r, w) usable for reading and writing, respectively. |
42 |
os.popen(command[, mode[, bufsize]])
Open a pipe to or from command. |
43 |
os.read(fd, n)
Read at most n bytes from file descriptor fd. Return a string containing the bytes read. If the end of the file referred to by fd has been reached, an empty string is returned. |
44 |
os.readlink(path)
Return a string representing the path to which the symbolic link points. |
45 |
os.remove(path)
Remove the file path. |
46 |
os.removedirs(path)
Remove directories recursively. |
47 |
os.rename(src, dst)
Rename the file or directory src to dst. |
48 |
os.renames(old, new)
Recursive directory or file renaming function. |
49 |
os.rmdir(path)
Remove the directory path |
50 |
os.stat(path)
Perform a stat system call on the given path. |
51 |
os.stat_float_times([newvalue])
Determine whether stat_result represents time stamps as float objects. |
52 |
os.statvfs(path)
Perform a statvfs system call on the given path. |
53 |
os.symlink(src, dst)
Create a symbolic link pointing to src named dst. |
54 |
os.tcgetpgrp(fd)
Return the process group associated with the terminal given by fd (an open file descriptor as returned by open()). |
55 |
os.tcsetpgrp(fd, pg)
Set the process group associated with the terminal given by fd (an open file descriptor as returned by open()) to pg. |
56 |
os.tempnam([dir[, prefix]])
Return a unique path name that is reasonable for creating a temporary file. |
57 |
os.tmpfile()
Return a new file object opened in update mode (w+b). |
58 |
os.tmpnam()
Return a unique path name that is reasonable for creating a temporary file. |
59 |
os.ttyname(fd)
Return a string which specifies the terminal device associated with file descriptor fd. If fd is not associated with a terminal device, an exception is raised. |
60 |
os.unlink(path)
Remove the file path. |
61 |
os.utime(path, times)
Set the access and modified times of the file specified by path. |
62 |
os.walk(top[, topdown = True[, onerror = None[, followlinks = False]]])
Generate the file names in a directory tree by walking the tree either top-down or bottom-up. |
63 |
os.write(fd, str)
Write the string str to file descriptor fd. Return the number of bytes actually written. |