Python complex() Function

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The Python complex() function is used to create a complex number by combining a real part and an imaginary part.

The real part of a complex number represents the component that lies on the standard number line (the horizontal axis). It is a regular real number and can be positive, negative, or zero. In mathematical notation, if "z" is a complex number, the real part is denoted as "Re(z)".

The imaginary part of a complex number represents the component that lies on the imaginary axis (the vertical axis). It is a multiple of the imaginary unit "i" (or j in Python), where "i" is defined as the square root of "-1". In mathematical notation, if "z" is a complex number, the imaginary part is denoted as "Im(z)".

Syntax

Following is the syntax of Python complex() function −

complex(real [,imag])

Parameters

This function takes two optional parameters as shown below −

• real − It represents the real part of the complex number. If not provided, it defaults to 0.

• imag (optional) − It represents the imaginary part of the complex number. If not provided, it defaults to 0.

Return Value

This function returns a complex number based on the provided real and imaginary parts or a string representing a complex number.

Example

In the following example, we are using the complex() function to create a complex number with a real part of "2" and an imaginary part of "3" −

real = 2
imaginary = 3
result = complex(real, imaginary)
print('The complex value obtained is:',result)

Output

Following is the output of the above code −

The complex value obtained is: (2+3j)

Example

If we do not pass an imaginary part to the complex() function, its default value is set to 0.

Here, we are using the complex() function with only the real part "4" −

real = 4
result = complex(real)
print('The complex value obtained is:',result)

Output

Output of the above code is as follows −

The complex value obtained is: (4+0j)

Example

If we do not pass a real part to the complex() function, its default value is set to 0.

Here, we are using the complex() function with only the imaginary part "7" −

imaginary = 7
result = complex(imaginary)
print('The complex value obtained is:',result)

Output

The result obtained is as shown below −

The complex value obtained is: (7+0j)

Example

In here, we are using the complex() function without providing any real or imaginary parts. As a result, it defaults to 0j, representing a complex number with both real and imaginary parts equal to 0 −

result = complex()
print('The complex value obtained is:',result)

Output

Following is the output of the above code −

The complex value obtained is: 0j

Example

In the example below, the complex() function parses the string "2+4j" and creates the corresponding complex number (2+4j) −

result = complex("2+4j")
print('The complex value obtained is:',result)

Output

The result produced is as follows −

The complex value obtained is: (2+4j)