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It was diagnosed that a patient's body had lost its power of fighting any infection. Name the disease the patient was suffering from. Which microbe is responsible for this disease? Give two ways by which it spreads from one person to another.
The patient who lost its power of fighting any infection is suffering from AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a retrovirus or an RNA virus.
AIDS spreads through:
(i) The establishment of sexual contact with the HIV-infected person.
(ii) HIV spreads through sharing injection equipment while using drugs or accidental needle sticks.
(iii) HIV spreads with the entry of infected blood during blood transfusions.
(iv) It also spreads through getting tattoos or body piercings with unsterilized or infected needles.
(v) A mother infected with AIDS can possibly transmit HIV to her child during pregnancy or childbirth.
[Extra information:
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is the last stage of HIV infection caused by the weakened immune system, infected by a virus. It interferes with the body's ability to combat infection.
Symptoms of the HIV-infected person remain unnoticeable or asymptomatic until the critical stage of the disease is reached.
The symptoms of AIDS include weight loss, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and recurrent infections.]
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