Explain how to multiply and divide integers.

Academic Mathematics NCERT Class 6

Multiplication of integers

Multiplication of integers is similar to multiplication of whole numbers except that the sign of the product depends on the signs of the integers multiplied.

The sign of the product is based on the following rules:

$Positive \times positive = positive$

$Negative \times negative = positive$

$Positive \times negative = negative \times positive = negative$

For example,

$2\times3=6$

$-2 \times -3 = 6$

$2 \times -3 = -6$

Division of integers :

Division of integers is the reverse process of multiplication of integers. Multiplication is repetitive addition, while division is repetitive subtraction.

The sign of the result depends on the number of negative factors present in the division.

• If the negative factors are even, the product is positive.

• If the negative factors are odd, the product is negative.

Example: Solve $–360 ÷ (–3) =$ ?

Answer:

We can write $–360 ÷ (–3)$ as $\frac{-360}{-3}$

First ignore all negative factors and perform the division operation.

$\frac{360}{3}=120$

Now count all the negative signs. In the given operation, we have 2 negative signs.

2 is an even number, so the result will be positive.

So, the answer is $\frac{-360}{-3}= 120$.

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Updated on: 10-Oct-2022

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