Nehru Report

Introduction

The Nehru Report was first formed on 15th of August, 1928. The report was a kind of memorandum that represents various fundamental rights and duties of the country. The prime objective of the report was to establish the federal government in the country and make India a democratic country. Under the supervision of Motilal Nehru and Jawaharlal Nehru, the report was prepared for the country's people. Nine members were included in the conference.

What was the Nehru Report?

The Nehru Report was developed when the British were ruling all over the country. The ultimate goal of the report was to establish a federal government in the country and give the country its own status.

The report suggested the fundamental rules, regulations and duties of the country so that it could free the country from the hands of the British. The report was amended and the bill was passed during that time where it included various types of fundamental duties for men and women who were above 21 years.

The report stated that the citizens of the country must be of above 21 years to avail the voting power. The rules stated that all men and women in India are equal and there must be no discrimination among the religions. The report stated that the governor-general of the country would be the head of the constitution and the Supreme Court was established to regulate the country.

Nehru Report: Background

The British officials hired the Simon Commission in the year 1927 to investigate the works and activities happening under the Government of India Act 1919.

The majority of the leaders opposed the commission, as not a single member of India was included in the commission. Despite of the revolt, the Britishers didn’t make any changes to the commission, and in response challenged Indians to form their own committee As the INC was ruling at that time, they have taken a couple of key decisions concerning the commission at the Madras session in December 1927.

The two decisions were, one, not to support or work hand in hand with the commission, and second of all, they had established All Parties Conference to write or prepare a Constitution of India. The main members of this committee includes Motilal Nehru, Sir Ali Imam, Tej Bahadur Sapru and Subash Chandra Bose. M.R. Jayakar and Annie Besant.

The Chairman of this committee was Motilal Nehru, and the secretary was Jawaharlal Nehru.

The secretaries of the British thus challenged the constitution of India as a result tension and conflict arose between the British and India. The challenge that the officials of the British were given to the report of Nehru thus resulted in the acceptance of the challenge by many patriots of India.

The members of the Congress party did not provide any kind of cooperation or help to the Simon Commission. The members also responded back to the commission by drafting their constitution of India establishing the All Party Conference to tackle the commission of Simon.

Nehru Report: Overview

The Nehru report stated that all the men and women in the country are equal and one should not enjoy voting power for those who are below the age of 21. The report provided the dominant status to the country and thus established the rules and power of the federal government.

The report suggested the formation of the Supreme Court in the country where all head of the constitution was governor of the country. The various castes were formed as per the report with minor reservations for the backward castes of the society.

There was a reservation for the minority peoples of the country that provided many benefits for them. As per the report, the primary language of the country was Indian and whereas special reservation was done for particular religions such as Muslims and for the minority that was presented in the country. The separate electorate was formed for the separate parts of the community and the report amended the usage of various local languages such as Bengali, Punjabi, Assamese and many more.

The reports demanded the establishment of a free and democratic type of government in the country. The ministers and the legislatures were responsible for all kinds of activities of the country. The bill was drafted in the first place due to the dominion status of the country and the report amended the usage of English in the country.

Nehru Report: Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s reaction

The demands of the Muslims to participate in the Independent United India were led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah who gave 14 points to the demands.

The demands state some of the following points −

• The residuary power that should be included in the Federal Constitution was one of the demands of the Muslims.

• The community demanded that every part and province of the country should be in equal Autonomy.

• The community demanded that the legislature and the members of the committee who are elected must be confined and abide by the laws regarding the representation of minorities.

• They demanded that the majority of the members of the Muslim community should not be less than one-third of the central legislature.

• The other demand was the formation of separate communal groups with the facility of a separate electorate must be provided.

• Another demand was that the community of Muslims must enjoy full religious freedom and liberty.

• The demand also states that Bombay must be separated from Sindh.

• The community also demanded pre-notice or consent if any kind of alteration was made in the laws and regulations of the constitution.

Conclusion

The report provided the fundamental duties and regulations for the citizens of India and helped in the formation of a free and democratic government in the country. The report challenged the Simon Commission and thus formed the Supreme Court in India. The governor was formed as per the report that was the head of the constitutions along with many ministers. The report was opposed and reviewed by the Muslim community.

FAQs

Qns 1. What was the Simon commission?

Ans. The statutory part of India was known as the Simon commission. The commission consists of a group of seven members and arrived amended in India in the year 1928. The main purpose of the commission was to look after the works of the government and its administration.

Qns 2. What was the reason for Jinnah’s 14 points?

Ans. The Jinnah’s 14 points were the answer to the Nehru report and to ensure that all the fundamental rights of the Muslim community were protected. They also demanded, it should be ensured that their culture and religions were not affected by the reports.

Qns 3. What was the significance of the Nehru Report?

Ans. The Nehru Reports suggested the formation of fundamental rights in the country. The report was the inspiration by the bill of rights of America. The report made the provisions of the constitution and ensured that all men and women are equal.